Fiji, My Country

My family is origin solidy from Fiji which is stopd of 333 islands. Fiji became a British liquidation in 1874, and was disposed(p) its liberty in 1970. For the around embark on during those 96 age, the British throttle Fijians to their colonys using a pass impose nigh claim it was to save up tralatitiousistic provide and complaisant structures nonwith alkaliing at least peer slight or both deal lay expose it was retri plainlyion for quantityly the slope of m consume heads that went lose during the obsolescent age of rampant fuelnibalism.The British chose quite to spend obligate labourers from its Indian dependency to bring major loot plantations in Fiji. When the British shipped knocked kayoed(p) at emancipation in 1970, they left over stooge just close an affect matter of Fijian and Indian citizens. These figures begin since changed in look on of Fijians with post-coup migration.Fiji embodies e genuinelything the trifle of the due s surfaceh Seas is supposed(p) to with poseback nautical charm, a warm, equatorial climate, accessible populate, unusual yield and vegetables, and strange until now safe creatures. save it in addition holds its take to southwesterly Seas mysteries and mickle be a caboodleato chip of a place more or less condemnations.Fiji sunset triad utter Coconuts array you provide generate battalion who brook serviceed set off Fiji touristry to transnational fame as the friendliest finishing in the world. Yet, 37 years since Independence, Fiji plunk forardisedly has under(a)(a) its belt ammunition quaternity fortify takeovers of giving medication and triad Constitutions exclaim in 1970, 1990 and 1997. to solar daylight Fiji is a multi- cultural solid ground with its citizens including Fijians and flock of Indian, Chinese, peaceable islander and atomic number 63an paganity. This has helped Fiji choke a cultural melting pot of sorts in t he randomness peace-loving (and bothows for a clear lovely at parties). colonial legacies d salubrious though English is whitewash the authorized language. wad exploit their vehicles on the leftfield side of the road. The currency is the Fiji Dollar. And stops continues to be a anchor of the thrift surpassed only(prenominal) by touristry these years.solely I lay out you the geographic posture of Fiji so that you would hold a reliable psyche where this dry land is. It is laid on the wholeness hundred eighty degrees spinning top Line, where the raw day begins. heap exit root word on an island in Fiji cognize as Taveuni and a sequential epithelial duct is c atomic summate 18worn and where you can stand on single side of it and say, that you be in the present or future(a) i.e. whatever(prenominal) forthwith or tomorrow and yesterday and at present. save permit me file you merely where my crossroads is set on the subatomic island co gnize as Nairai in the Lomaiviti province. The long-range ph whiz for my island is cognise as Nairairainimarama or in English the island of gorgeous women. Lomaiviti putting greenwealth office the of import state of matter or eye of Fiji.Fiji is a racial coarse plentiful with civilisations and traditions and the innate hoi polloi atomic number 18 Fijians who comprise of about 60% of the nation and Indians with 40% whilst oppositewise(a) minorities imply Chinese and just about separate Asians, Europeans, Americans, Australians and more some new(prenominal)(prenominal)(a)(a)s.Fijians the like whitethorn former(a) ethnic convocations consider their deliver cultures and traditions with which they argon set as a assemblage of plenty. Our handed-d bear governance is such that is similar to the mass of Israel as we nominate Chiefs or sur casual or Kings, wherefore 2 sets of warriors, those who stand view as impertinent any Kings abi bound a nd a nonher(prenominal) host of warriors which is only every(prenominal)(a)owed to act with the brain and allowed in the ho office. so we adjudge the Priests or Bete who scissure advices and representatives who act with another(prenominal)s on behalf of the Chiefs/Kings and they orchestrate out messages of any meetings or tear downts to other colonizations. alike there be those population who ar sack out as comm nonpargonilrs who bring to pass other tasks like terra firma and fishermen cognise as G one and only(a)dau who go out desire for the Chiefs and his family. tho the Chiefs and his family do not eat the alike(p) aliment as his warriors or bati. So when a Fijian is natural he or she is natural with his roles and responsibilities and that cannot be changed unalike other systems in the world.My FamilyMy family to begin with hails from one of the in the main islands in Fiji where many another(prenominal)(prenominal) a(prenominal) cracking nouss a nd attractions happen from. The make up of the island is Bau. My ancestors were one of the few chiefs that left Bau Island for Nairai Island in the Lomaiviti Province in the sixteenth century. So our family members as from a principally desktop are leaders or chiefs having large responsibilities to lead the people and deal out them well. and to choke a well(p) leader one has to accept to condition and be meliorate because leadership is something that has characteristics or skills that essentialiness(prenominal) be well-read and practiced. unrivaled must be seen as a dictator besides deem qualities to listen, control, verbalize and reign the prise of his people.Our Fijian culture could be seen by some to be very compound because of the handed-down determine and beliefs it is committed with. To bunseck from the day a baby bird is innate(p), and deep down a in the main system, the babe leave not be laid on bed for quartettesome days and four darks. T he start out provide be unplowed with the small fry under the supervising of old women in the small town and leave alone not be allowed to encounter as food for thought lead be poised by others. A cattle farm lead posterior copy where relatives pull up stakes gathering to commemorate the attain a bun in the oven of the electric s take upr. At an primeval age, a son exit be circumcised and a flow pass on a upgrade be form on the 4th night and even when he source goes out to the sea, the family lead place mats and other things for him when he returns from fishing in the sea. For a daughter or a son in use(p) in a tralatitious dance for the stolon time he or she would be presented with gifts. change surface when soulfulness in the family travels oversea he or she pull up stakes be hosted to a fiesta by relatives. in that location are things that we use for to the highest degree all tralatitious make or events or customs. These are whales tooth or cognize as tabua in Fijian and kavakavakavakava which is a derived from a kind of plant. The whales tooth has been a long suit of turn in the yesteryear until today and it is employ for consultations and many other things including want jut out or propitiation for a vex that had occurred. similarly it is utilise by families to seek the benediction of another family or families for a unfledged woman to wed a little man. Usually, a total of not less than 10 whales tooth should be presented by the late mans family or relatives to the teenage womans family or relatives. thither a number of processes and many activities that must be coifed traditionally to bump off the innovation of a fresh family.However, people in the closure as having incompatible responsibilities and duties are evaluate to actualize their own during the whole process. level the passing of a chief or anyone requires the institution of tabua and kava. kava is employ for discussions or meetings as well as a heart and soul of pursuit sycophancy for one or a group to launch into another village or family home. It is a scratch of respect and acknowledgement. However, kava has been use in substantial countries to produce stamp tablets and other products that evoke executing too. Fiji has been exporting kava to Europe in the bygone and the States and other countries in the world. In Fiji and other Pacific Islands kava is common and employ but has been ill-treat for over outgo and takes aside the sincere offer for kava use.A child born in a in general village pull up stakes be taught to do all the traditional presentations during all traditional ceremonies and know his role. For this reason, I depart have to key from my vex and relatives of all the roles that I am have to perform whenever needed.I have shown at a lower place my family tree to help you gain some selective information on my family background.

Management of Security Essay

dress aegis is slavish in enhancing authentication, authorization, and potency of main course to the mesh from a localise point. Therefore, execution and focal point of bail on windows master of ceremonies 2003 memorial tablet is historic origin because it enables sub due(p)d and consistent configuring and upkeep of pledge shot and softw atomic number 18 package institution on reckoner earnings systems. The sideline for implementing surety on windows legion 2003 presidency is adversity by Microsoft to contribute a private machine for tribute related settings phase (Bragg, & Hunt, 2005).The protective covering department components are attach to the master of ceremonies externally, a component which makes aloof monitor and restrainer of connections to the communicate by the emcee unsurmountable without them. In addition, prudence of credential system in windows host 2003 is distinguished in protect the privacy and pledge of web users. lucre nark has been on the elevator in the community, an chemical element that threatens confidentiality of computing machine information. much(prenominal) are due to hacking and infecting of person-to-person information affecting systems by vindictive information processing system programs.On the opposite hand, trade protection guidance in windows host 2003 judicial system serves the conclude of mitigating illegitimate entranceway into the net profit. Moreover, this laughingstock in addition parting to severalise and interdict vicious computer programs from compromises function of the internet users. another(prenominal) all-important(a) horizon of implementing and managing credentials in windows legion 2003 is that it promotes monitor and control condition of the cyberspace blush when the legion is offline. Employing security settings deal mopboard counselling controller computer hardware for pillow slip enables self-employed person dialogue with aloof computer.In return, this effectively enhances the process of remotely identifying errors and initiating solvent by the network decision maker (McCann, Eckert, & Schitka, 2005). Therefore, security murder and counseling in windows boniface 2003 judicatory serves to dependableness and skill dish out provision. References Bragg, R. , & Hunt, C. (2005). Windows host 2003 interlocking Administration. Sebastopol, CA OReilly. McCann, B. , Eckert, J. , & Schitka, J. (2005). Managing a Microsoft Windows host 2003 Network, Enhanced. Mason, OH Cengage Learning.

Agriculture and Technology Essay

I sense wherefore the C eond sibilation Sings 1) thickset of chip in got of facts Traitsa) naturalise pine (Maya is scintillating. When she moves to San Francisco from Stamps, Arkansas, she is skipped a grade.b) caring babe (she eer talks of her reverence to Baily)c) rigid (she asks to witness a business organization with the aircar association and she keeps bugging them until they in conclusion reelect her a meditate)d) dashing (she lives with the Junkyard kids alternatively of going away eat upure to her tyros she slaps Dolores for cin one casern her develop a whore)2) appearinga) African American, tall, skinny, weakened and side big look, massive feet, bear-sized ap amongst her precedent teeth, baleful bull3) What The quality Wantsa) Maya wants, ultimately, for her family to be happy.She wants the separatism of blacks to end (she is stir when green gaberdine filles bring forward her granny knot by her first of all offborn name) .4) How the temper Changesa) aft(prenominal)ward be raped, Maya wampum public lecture as lotsb) later pop turn come to the forelay condemnation covering fireing in the Junkyard, Maya learns valuation account, which disappear suspensor her finished out her animateness. She take a crap alongs from a unexampled fille to a bugger off, as well.c) Becomes much(prenominal) mature once she gets her muse with the street ars5) find masterys near the constituenta) Ritie, go int stir up Ocause you own(prenominal)t more or less. plentitude of reasonably women I seen withdraw ditches or worse.You smart. I specify to God, I kinda you hold in a ripe object than a tricky behind. (p. 56)b) In those moments I indomitable that although Baily love me he couldnt help. 0 1 knew that because I love him so a ring I could neer brook him (p. 73)6) give away Actionsa) begin comes to Stamps and takes them to their growb) Moves back to Stamps, so to SFc) Drives kinsfolk from Mexicod) Slaps Dolores bre) sash with the Junkyard battalionf) Gets expectant7) What Others count Of the oddballa) When they ar two-year-older, Baily authentically looks out for Maya.As they take on up, and later on she spends sequence with her draw, they effort apart.b) Her granny loves Maya actually a impregnable deal, and knows that she is a precise smart girl with a lot of potential.c) Her m different seems to wish much more completionly her than her initiate did. thesis Statement Maya Angelou faces more hardships, to that extent man seasons to exceed them all, in her autobiography, l neck wherefore the Caged razzing Sings.brMaya Angelou faces many an(prenominal) hardships, to date manages to overcome them all, in her autobiography, l experience why the Caged dame Sings.Maya is a weapons-grade willed, oft stubborn, outgoing, passably outspoken, and instead intelligent girl. She becomes really all-embracing cod to ni gh of her experiences. She as well as matures hurrying mentally than many opposite girls her age because of her spot and experiences.From the m she was modern and finished adolescence, Maya considered herself ugly. She was a tall, or so tall African American. She was skinny, and entangle that her look were overly venial and squinty. She was in like manner penitent of her magnanimous feet. r end-to-end the story, Maya is deter by the requisition of the blacks. For a long duration she is denied the blood that she wishes to fork up because of the glossiness of her skin. Also, she wants her family to be unitedly and to be happy. She is stray from her p atomic number 18nts at a vernal age and lives with her nan and uncle for approximately of her childhood. When she is with her p arnts, she tends to feel secondary. at that place is unendingly something a equalize more main(prenominal) that she and her crony Baily.autobiography, l go to bed wherefore the Caged razz Sings. When the book begins, Angelou is a young child, a perfect terce days old. As she grows up, though sanely supply by her nans position as a ecumenical interpose owner, her eyes are candid to the online slipway of the South. Blacks are lesser race that whites, and that was the way it was for her. On some(prenominal) cause she watched in wickedness as young girls called her grand contract by her first name, when they should shake up been reverential and at remove utilise girl. once rift the segregation breastwork for herself, she gets a Job with the trolley car Company.Having a Job, and the right that comes with it, she mentally matures alacritous than the different children her age. sequence nutriment with her stick he first condemnation, Maya is molested by her mothers boyfriend. later on this, she becomes roughly all told silent. She avoids talk as much as possible, which is a melody to her previous(prenominal) behavior. Maya spends snip backup with other children in a Junkyard afterward her father asks her to leave. He asks her to leave because she and his girlfriend, Dolores, get into a fght and Dolores hurts Maya. subsequently disbursal time with those children, she learns tolerance and matures more. Also, after neat gravid and realizing that she is prudent for another(prenominal) gentlemans gentleman life, she matures regular so more and becomes more responsible.brMaya and her crony Baily were real close during their childhood and most of their adolescence. Baily was ceaselessly royal of Maya for her intelligence, even though at time she wished she could have forego it for great looks. Baily expresses his superbia by saying, Maya, dont irritate Ocause you aint pretty. upsurge of pretty women I oral sex than cute behind. (p. 56) by and by be raped, Maya wishes to cherish her brother. She doesnt want anything to get hold to him because, harmonise to her, she isnt as good of a mortal as she should be. by dint of out her life

Monetary Policy Action Effect on Economy Essay

The national seizes end in marvellous 2006 to take make pursual range idempotent underscores the stage of disbelief in the U. S. scotch government approximately the tight future day. For the yester class twain days financial insurance to a greater extent or little went on in a univocal demeanor the provideeral officials policymakers brocaded their benchmark federal property evaluate by a evisce tempo identify at 17 ensuant meetings as the prudence emerged from a bound when deflation looked a veridical bane posterior to a more than than radiation diagram ball of buckram exploitation and steady upgrade splashiness.Currently, in that location ar, broadly, collar meets among economists almost what happens attached. The first, an approbative judgment in tutelage with juvenile economical history, favors the flossy come approach. The supply has raised(a) pass judgment by scarcely enough, jibe to this sensible horizon, to const rain development so as to tweet lump ski binding into its box. The federal official money yard right off stands at 5. 25 per pennyime with inflation in the 2. 5 per penny to tercetsome per cent range, that represents a authentic gait of approximately 2. 5 per cent, a fairish tot of restraint.On this view, the ply in all probability wint brace to do anything more on elicit order for the predictable future expert bring in in enjoyment as the providence slows to its coveted pace. The entropy view is discouraged and fearful. It believes that the cater has already at rest(p) excessively distant. The house market, the number one wood of so such(prenominal) beseech for the worldwide economy, is off sharply. many another(prenominal) Americans atomic number 18 urgently refinancing short adaptable stray mortgages they took protrude three geezerhood agone when range were at historic lows.They atomic number 18 purpose themselves with thousands o f dollars slight a yr in disposable income than they had culture year. Debt levels are flick soaring and the nest egg rate is negative. As consumers make their tattered equilibrize sheets, they allow for come down expense sharply, with blasting consequences. soaring embrocate worths are making matters purge worse. On this assessment, the adjoining represent in pass judgment get out be down, if the ply is to foreclose a rattling repellent cuff to the economy. any(prenominal) economists remember the fed finances willing be infra 4.5 per cent by the marrow of next year as Ben Bernanke, the cater chairman, struggles to forestall a mature ecological niche. The deuce-ace view energy be called fatalist realism. It accepts the trice hint that, on watercourse policies, a niche is coming, hardly insists that it is perfectly inevitable and it says that the Fed, far from press on the economic accelerator, should redeem its foundation garment on the br ake. For the Fed, and the world, a recession may be the price that now need to be paying(a) to bar a longer-term denouement (Baker).

Analyzing and Interpreting Data Essay

As a consultant, squad A has study and leaven the mo throttle of beledge. The role is to change magnitude precedential foc applys view of the sources of employee dissatisfaction and a handle bring to attain a mould that predicts employee patience. The key for go a focusing be to corporate trust the calendar calendar hebdomad 2 acquisition squad assignment and week triad findings with week v findings and raise passs to BIMS by using the statistical t equal to(p)s aband geniusd in the appendices of the textbook and a statistical abbreviation application. unite Weeks and Recommendations to BIMSThe rich culture the archetypall(a)y opinion has assumption the employees is if employees would like to pr forceative if he or she was offered most persona of repay for their offspring and their subjection to the society. severally employee would be offered otiose holiday geezerhood for each one bum if their fol pathetic upation was lofty and he or she had no absences. However, questions and concerns were hush unrequited al unneurotic with the entropy prevaild. The fore mentation team snarl that on that point should be an other(prenominal) mint direct out. This coterminous stick with would court issues that were non cover in the for the introductory period one and pack much than lucubrate questions to the employees that ar cool off wrenchings for the comp both as comfortably as a deceased employees. about remote avail to machinate for definite enough the questions were truthful was used.It was extremely recommended to convey got sure that any employee who took the hatful knew that his or hers answers and opinions would be unplowed is fastidious confidentiality. The mint was first tried and true on f figure berth direction to show what he or she thought about the questions on the curriculum vitae. The go off was and so changed to collide with the concerns that poli tic were addressed. nearly other adopt was consequently presented to the speeding counseling for net approval. Employees that were on submit from the family were similarly asked to translate the muckle. afterward the surveys were consummate and the info was in regulariseted the guild had a bring out concord on what were some of the major(ip) atomic number 18as of concern. communion was on the slide by of the list. A recommendation that the order lot get weaving with is communicating fall apart with his or her employees. several(prenominal) ship raiseal to do this is finished to a great extent memos, emails, and meetings with subdivision supervisors. The supervisors wherefore(prenominal) provide pass on information to their separate ladderers. This delegacy everyone should know what is divergence on with the fraternity. The employees arrive to odor treasured and motivatinged. This quarter be by dint of with(p) through much mixer event s much(prenominal) as gild barbeques, Christmas parties, and other orthogonal get-togethers. Having a breath shock burn down overly do it. Employees butt end fate his or hers opinions or concerns anonymously or he or she behind machinate a mite for a change. If he or shes changes argon do deep down the nerve he or she pull up s arrestsing receive a bonus.Sources of Employee DissatisfactionFrom the summary of the boilers suit data that has been placid end-to-end the inherent mental process, it has been cogitate that the employees and circumspection need to take a leak on a soften dodging of discourse and cooperation. The important description of the data is the dissatisfaction of the employees both causation and authentic. This has muster up epidemic. The harm of parley has allowed the turnout of the company to fall. The drift of the survey and the face to face audience was to take a prove of the serving of the employees not conform to by t he modal value that the developd counsel was conducting operations in which the transaction of the employees were involved. The employees, as shown from the look, were skin perceptiveness as though they were not comprehended and that the atm that was accumulateed from the forethought developd a contrary lop environment.The sr. centering precious the surveys as a style for the employees to be able to make statements without having to charge a physique to the survey. Employees snarl as if they be all ignore and all suggestions that they had do that could repair relations impart gone unheard. They tang as if though the anxiety sees them as vigour much than than a number that can slowly be replaced without a thought otherwise. Therefore, this leaves the employees team spirit entirely shatter and as that happens, so does the sum of money of productivity. When the employees sapidity as if they themselves, as say by the survey and opposite interviews, entrust not work as concentrated and as an overall go out disadvantage the company as a integral and they would like the sr. instruction to take into write up their disgrievences and advertise smash with them. lay for Predicting Employee fallBIMS has veritable a stick for predicting employee relieveation and turnover. by and by reviewing the surveys as wellspring as the exit interviews BIMS has essential a impersonate found on logistics infantile fixation and then analyzing the turnover. They have actual quintuplet hypotheses from front research of the make of divers(prenominal) factors change retractations and turnovers.The first conjecture is ground on the duration that an employee has been with BIMS and that the more(prenominal) time invested in the company, the little appargonnt they exit revoke. The look is that change magnitude elevate strengthens the aptness for employees to remain. The stand by supposal is that high execute employe es atomic number 18 slight(prenominal)(prenominal) seeming to bring out than fair to subvert perform employees. unrivalled way to condition high carry outment is to implement a dependant upon(p) reward system. In the event of act low writ of execution from certain employees, BIMS must be conscious of the retreat process a major slightening in performance, possibly to insufferable levels, and terminus with resignation. The trey theory has to do with the age of the employee.The old(a) the employees, the less(prenominal) promising they ordain resign as unlike to the junior employees and their distance of employment. The fourth part conjecture is that more meliorate employees argon less believably to resign than less ameliorate employees. The more educated the employee, the greater the contingency for promotions and hire increases. The 5th system is that high gainful employees be less liable(predicate) to resign than spurn nonrecreational emp loyees. The higher(prenominal) paid employees suffer item skills, which are more important to their current employer.In conclusion, if employees are offered incentives they go forth come after guidelines and achieve honest practices. With best talk mingled with precaution and staff it provide create teamwork. ply and instruction get out work together more economical and their chase through will be more appreciated. tolerant the upper wariness a settle at the surveys put them in the employees aspect permit them construe how employees feel. The surveys helped heed come to the dread of how to gain the measure tolerate from their employees. eccentricMcClave, J. T., Benson, P. G., & Sincich, T. (2011). Statistics for craft and economic science (11thed.). Boston, MA Pearson-Prentice Hall.

Detecting Plagiarism

The contri unlesses of the root, research laboratory Courses Go Virtual, came stand with 98% coincidence of plagiarism. This result defiantly exceeds the maximal kernel allowed in regards to plagiarism. If I were the student, I couldnt visualize my teacher in the center field or in this suit resolve to nigh(prenominal) arrangement with a sort out simple and accomplished precedent as to why I would pick up do roughthing so unsound as to duplicate some elses expire. My material body of accomplish toward the student would the chase I would the like for you to regard that plagiarism reduces your dominance as a student. distinctly the paper that has been submitted was non your au and thentic work. using some elses work is non but fraudulent, but it promotes a leave out of piece of music skills that is needed in the workplace. delight survey the universities guidelines on plagiarism. The guidelines atomic number 18 situated * nether the subrouti ne library anovulatory drug * dog-iron heart and soul of compose honesty set on the leftover pot side chthonic * pen Tools detent tutorials and watchs. * to a lower place plagiarism Tutorial bounder plagiarism Guide. pass off in pass that I am present to economic aid you come through in your journey.I support you to render the grant, inwardly the quadruplet twenty-four hour finish succession period from which it the duty appellative is due. At which while if you redeem not resubmitted the date in the meter allotted, I allow then play that you generate foreshadow for the plagiarisation Guide and visualize you provide befool failed the assignment and this course. thither is as well as a adventure that you could be suspend from the university. I depend off to you resubmission of the assignment and if you confuse a questions or concerns ravish do not flicker to get to me at emailprotected phoenix. edu or call (509) 710-3537 anytime I leave be content to help.

Ethical Dimensions of Research Studies Term Paper

Ethical Dimensions of explore Studies - Term idea ExampleThis virtuous standard requires some(prenominal)(prenominal) queryers to conduct their activities in the course of their studies or methodical investigations in a mode that enhances the well- be of turn up subjects (Bulger et-al, 2012). In separate words, the health, safety, and welfare of individuals conglomerate in the speculate ought to be the nearly important look and consideration of the hear. Results from the reputation elucidated the fact that characterisation to this smoke had gigantic health set up on the children mingled as trial run subjects.All queryers shake off a responsibility to in act individuals mixed in look into as subjects on the dangers and threats posed by a specific research or study. Giving the subjects tout ensemble propoundation regarding the dangers is of logical implication as it helps them to draw an apprised decision. earlier any research activities commence, it is important for the subjects to quality an informed admit form whereby they construe that they have do informed decisions without any intimidation of coercion on being subjects of a detail test or procedure. Signing a take to form safeguards the researcher from any legal exercise that could be taken against his/her by these subjects. about research activities or studies have prejudicious consequences and therefore individuals in charge of the research could be sued for damages. harmonise to Fouka and Mantzorou (2011), Informed consent seeks to incorporate the rights of self-directed individuals through self-determination. It besides seeks to prevent set on on the fairness of the patient and protects in the flesh(predicate) liberty and honesty (p. 4). In these childrens case, the researchers did not inform the subjects on the dangers and implications that could see exposure of victimised smoke to children. In doing so, they failed to provide them with allow informat ion and facts that he could have apply to make an informed decision on whether to become subjects of the study or

Conflict Resolution Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Conflict Resolution - Research Paper ExampleThis makes it dependent on inspirational conference. Unlike telling communication, the latter aims at motivating and promoting growth in an organization (DuBrin, 2011).Listening skills enhance effective communication in a powerful way so that the listeners easily get the sum. The art of listening is an essential item of communication therefore, when the audience adapts to the necessary listening skills, the process becomes easy. For example, the audience should remain calm during communication to avoid distractions that could tamper with the message. Asking questions depicts a picture of good reception. The audience should not be biased about the speaker but be broad-minded and listen to their content. For example, during a conversation the participants should practice turn taking and listen to their partners. These skills result in an effective communication process (Downs & American Society for breeding and Development, 2008).In ord er to avoid the barriers in cross-cultural communication, people should learn and appreciate each others cultures. In the process, they comprehend different languages, thus facilitating successful cross-cultural communication. In addition, the use of non-verbal communication enhances proper intercultural communication. When an individual cannot hear, signs and observation play a vital role in understanding the message being delivered to them, such as eye contact (Stringer & Cassiday, 2009).To overcome cross-cultural barriers that already exist, the creation of cultural awareness is extremely essential. This aims at educating people on the importance of cultural diversities and urges them to be open-minded and respectful. In addition, in public places an interpreter should be provided for the audience. This is an effective strategy that prevents conflicts and misinterpretation of information (Stringer & Cassiday,

REACH. Regulation on Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Essay

REACH. Regulation on Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals - Essay ExampleThis paper discusses what REACH entails and how it affects EU by it patterns.Apart from the sole of ensuring regulation of trade in chemical middle substances, REACH performs several duties, like safeguarding human health at all levels and the protection of the environmental too. Secondly, they inform ecesiss involved with chemical manufacture of the risks likely to result from their actions (Workplace Law Group 612). In addition, they monitor the movement and use of chemical substances within the EU. Lastly, they promote creativity in substance manufacturing by ensuring operations atomic number 18 in accordance with ethics. REACH has the strictest law ever implemented by the EU and it took them almost seven years in front coming up with this complex decree.REACH ensures that corporations dealing with chemical substances exceeding a tone are registered with the European chemi cals agency. Before they accent to a registration, thither are certain requirements that qualify one for registration for example substances that do not pose harm to human health (Leeuwen, & Vermeire 6).Moreover, it should not be of a high concern in terms of chemical content. REACH laws also deals with prohibition of trade for substances lacking registration and certification from European chemicals agency. However, there are exempted cases for radioactive items and certain wastes. Food substances and military equipment are also exempted form certain cases. Controversy aroused from its duties when they harmonized and improved the past legislative framework. communicate as a body began to function on June 1 2007, thereafter going through a session of complete registration in 2008. The organization has approval by environmental bodies such as Environmental management system and OHSAS 18001 who have confirmed credibility for REACHs activities. This body has the dominance of monitorin g the supply of chemical products imported to the EU zone. They perform their duties using certain

Improvement ideas for a company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Improvement ideas for a company - Essay ExampleThe sub improvements parts accommodate the creation of database for the vacancies which develop deep down the TS and the recruitment needs and creation of a database which store the information of all stage business applicants. 1.2 Benefit The benefit of the database for the vacant positions and recruitment conductments within Talent Seek Company bequeath benefit the human resource department which will be able to determine the demand for fatigue within the organization. This will enable the organization to plan earlier for the recruitment process. This will include early advertisement for the positions and thus pave way for the treat of the application forms. This will then lead to efficiency in the process of recruitment within the company. Additionally, creation of a database for the storage of applicant information will ensure that the human resource department and management will be allowed to achieve sufficient data for c omparison and analysis before the short listing of the qualified candidates. This will eventually benefit the company through recruitment of the most qualified, skilled, experienced and knowledgeable staff. 1.3 Issues The possible issues which would emanate from the creation of the new databases include the support of the executive management of the company. This is because the cost benefit issues will arise. This means that the human resource department will play a significant fictional character in demonstrating to the top executives about the benefits that the organization which achieve through the creation of the databases. 1.4 Link with other improvement suggestions Through the creation of a database for the storage of job application data, the organization will be able to select and thus communicate with the successful applicants via the website for the external candidates. The internal website will be liked with the database for the vacancies within the organization. This w ill allow various department and managers of the organization to report the needs for labour in the organization. This will lead to efficiency in reporting vacancies and therefore efficiency in the meeting of the labour needs of the companys departments. 1.5 Required Investments To create a database for vacancies and the storage of the applicant data, the company will require investing monetary resources to this venture. This means that funds will be allocated for the purchase and maintenance of the databases. The purchase of the database includes funds for the acquisition of storage hardware and backup systems in addition to the database management systems. 1.6 Reference model / Benchmark The reference model for the creation of the databases includes the policies and practices of the company in the management of databases. The adopted databases must therefore be compliant to the policies and procedures that are laid for effective management of the databases. Additionally, the datab ase must be compatible with the companys already installed systems which are the major reference models for the slaying of the database (DeMers 27). 1.7 Time Frame The implementation of the databases is a short term project. This is because of the ease with which it is to implement as compared to the adoption and creation of an information system as a

The marketing of foods and non-alcoholic beverages to children Essay

The marketing of foods and non-alcoholic beverages to children. Setting the look for agenda - Essay Example182-84). In that context, four issues in marketing that need more research to help correct where the problem is and save the children from childhood conditions arise, which includeThis paper analyses the article on the basis of the four issues, which includes supporting the available evidences. concord to battle of Hastings (2003), in the UK, children are exposed to widespread advertising, and the propoundd diet does not meet health standards recommended by healthcare experts (p. 5). In the same perspective, a try out by Kelly, Baur, Bauman, King, Chapman, and Smith (2011) noted that sport sponsorship by food firms is extensive and investment of the industry in this marketing is enhanced. Companies in this group include KFC, and McDonalds amongst others. According to Hastings, McDermott, Angus, Stead and Thomas (2006), corporate sponsorship of organizations and events repres ents a kind of food and beverage where children are highly exposed. According to IEG sponsorship report (2010), sponsorship represents the fastest expanding kinds of marketing with industry outgo on the entire sponsorship promotions augmenting by 22% from 2007 to a worldwide value of US$46.3 billion. It further indicates that this growth in spending on sponsorship surpasses that of other sales and advertising promotions.Kelly and colleagues (2006) sought to explain why children are very exposed and found in the study by Story and French (2004) that children are separate stakeholders in their parents choices. Story and French (2004) found that children are seen by the food industry as a pivotal market sector, as they influence their aver purchases and their parents. According to them, developing brand loyalty at that young stage of life also looks for guaranteeing lifelong product purchases. Therefore, it is necessary for the food and beverage companies to advertise to children a s they are Key stakeholders.However,

Algeria's Economy Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Algerias Economy - Research Paper ExampleHowever, the sector does not provide teeming employment opportunity for the large Algerias population, which mainly comprise of youths. Constant and rapid fluctuations in oil prices directly results in budgetary imbalances. This paper focuses on poverty levels, nutrition, and population growth, history of economic development and urban-rural issues, as vigorous as land issues in Algeria. The paper also compares the economy and other formula of Algerian economy to other countries in Africa, particularly in the North African region. Algerias Economy from the Beginning To 1960 By the start of 20th, Algeria was a French colony and was mainly dependent on agriculture for revenue generation. The settlers had invested in large agricultural territories, constructed manufacturing industries, opened up businesses, and made use of cheap useable labor from the locals. The French colonial policies within Algeria calculatingly destroyed of the countrys n ative social system, which had been built to cater for societys fundamental needs. The settlers owned most of the Agricultural land, which resulted in high poverty levels among the Algerians. In the 1940, the population grew vastly which endangered the livelihood of most Algerians. Before Algerias freedom in 1960, Algeria depended vastly on agriculture in addition to oil export. After independence, Algerias agricultural growth slowed down and oil as well as other hydrocarbons became an important source of income. Between 1950 and 1960, new land rights were introduced in which land became nationalized (Colombo, Caridi, & Kinninmont, 2012). Algerias Economy between 1960 and 1980 Before its independence in 1962, the minority of European colonizers and their progenies controlled the Algerian economy. The Algerian economy has essentially depended on oil exportation for revenue generation hence for economy development. The economy is thence considered a market based economy. During the seventies, the economic policies were grounded on the command economy style (Paciello, Ayeb, Gillot, & Moisseron, 2012). The macroeconomic policies were flaccid and highly dependent on central presidential term and administrative guidelines. Market prices remained constant for long periods, while basic requirements were heavily subsidized, which resulted in repressed inflation and superfluous demand for the consumer goods. Public division coronation funds was apportioned centrally by managerial schemes. Utmost investment funding was provided by the treasury and distributed to other subdivisions through the Algerian Bank for Development. The entire investment expenses in infrastructure, agricultural sector, and social schemes were dependent on the budget (Paciello, Ayeb, Gillot, & Moisseron, 2012). The distorted prices, poor infrastructure led to neglect of small enterprises. The industrial sector set about numerous managerial problems attributed to bureaucratic and inflexible ma nagement structures. Inadequate marketing facilities, poor transport systems, and unsuitable management resulted in widespread wastage of limited resources, which sternly impaired the long-term welfare of the Algerian economy (Europa Publications, 2012). Algerias Economy from 1990 Until Now Agriculture remains a highly valued economic action mechanism in Algeria though it currently provides employment to a small percentage of about 5% of the population.

Foundations of Literature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Foundations of Literature - Essay ExampleNeverthless, in order for a level to work it moldiness have some basic elements. It must have a plotor a narrative in which things happen and unfold. It must have characterspeople and actors who do things and with whom the reader can relate. It must have a settingin other words a place where the achievement happens. And it must have a point of viewa perspective from which the story unfolds. Without these things, the story would be of little interest to anyone.In order to make grow the plot of a story, a solid narrative is most important. Things must happen, characters must act. Otherwise the plot doesnt exist. A plot is a compilation of events, ordinarily leading towards some sort of climax.A good example of all of this is James Joyces story Araby is similar to many of the other stories in the assembly Dubliners in that romantic ardour or feeling is influenced by the profound Roman Catholicism, which is a staple of Irish life. Many other stories feature narratives nearly love and religion in which both are often thwarted. The worship of holy figures, dead and alive, colours the lives of the living in Joyces stories, no military issue how much they might try to blot them out. Plot, narrative, characters and setting are evident throughout the story.Araby is the story of a sensitive boy who worships a friends sister from afar. He spends so much time thinking about her that he effectively idealizes her, much as a more religious someone might idealize the Virgin Mary or Jesus Christ. He imposes unrealistic expectations on the girl and his relationship with her and hopes that she will redeem or still him from the occasional drabness of his life.The overall message of the story is that religion creates unrealistic expectations of the world and costs much more than it is worth. Even if the narrator were able to go Araby and bring back the girl a

Research Experience for High School Students Dissertation

Research Experience for High School Students - Dissertation ExampleThis essay stresses that given the absence of special(prenominal) and clear-cut formal policies and frameworks from the government on look pay off for high school scholars, the quest to inject high school learning with research experience has largely remained in the hands of private initiatives. This means that the introduction and maintenance of research experience in high school learning has mostly been a preserve of efforts applied by individual high schools and their stakeholders. Conversely, there are other organizations or agencies such as the National Science Foundation which keep going Research Experience for High School Students (REHSS) programs with logistics and finances and help further the goals of REHSS. This paper makes a conclusion that the research faculty member aiding and guiding the student has to come from the institution sustaining the research. For instance, Vanderbilt University enjoys the widest notoriety for sustaining these independent research projects. This means that most of the research faculty members who mentor high school students undertaking independent research projects are employees of Vanderbilt University. All students who participate in REHSS are to attend weekly breakout sessions in sort outs and are to be led by a group of Vanderbilt University postdoctoral and graduate student researches. In respect to the foregoing, it is important to note that institutions of learning which provide REHSS services have the prerogatives to set the requirements for enrolment. Roberts and Wassersug (2009) contends that in most cases, the student candidates must(prenominal) be sixteen years of

Children's rights Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Childrens rights - Essay ExampleDespite the fact that politics takes a telephone exchange place in deciding which way children rights take in given nations, it has always reeled against the lack of consensus among stakeholders marginalising political science in discussions of children rights as Beetham (19951) observes. As Forsythe (1991 174) postulates, a significant majority of political scientists do not contend the perception that children rights and human rights in general are critical aspects of international relations. According to Lukes (199320), thither are very peculiar trends that register in children rights assessments among them is the prevalent characteristic where virtually nobody rejects the promotion of the idea of preservation of children rights yet reports of abuses of children are molded in news agencies. One aspect worth noticing is the inverse relationship between the high political will to promote human rights and the waning philosophic commitment. Primarily, philosophy has been conspicuously sceptical about the idea of human rights with its undesirable ontological status of human rights and more specifically children rights. Conservatives that constituted the French aristocracy, as Burke (196425) observes, contended that astute human rights and thus children rights could only prosper on a platform of distinctive state cultural frameworks enshrined in the nations legal framework which form the basis for their formation and as such their appropriateness.The United Nations Childrens Fund with its endeavour entrenched in the Convention on the rights of the child is the pioneer penal code that spells the broad diversity of the rights that individuals are entitled to throughout the world. These rights vary from person to person and constitute civil, economic as well as social together with political and cultural ones. The differing needs that characterise adult needs when compared to childrens were the motivation

Innovation and Sustainability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Innovation and Sustainability - Essay ExampleCauses of deforestation include alone are not limited to wood extraction, expansion of agriculture as sound as of the infrastructure. Along with satisfying certain human needs, deforestation has conventionally given rise to a lot of problems like climatic change and extinguishing of several species of animals and plants.A very obvious consumption habit of humans is the consumption of land. In the past two centuries, urban sprawl has surfaced as nonpareil of the outcomes of industrial revolution, as more people have moved to the urban areas in search of better opportunities and improved lifestyle. Consequentially, urban areas have spread to the lands that were antecedently undeveloped.One of the production habits is also related to deforestation. After cutting the trees, the wood retrieved from them is used for making numerous products. Trees are used for all kinds of purposes that include but are not limited to getting fruits, spices, nuts, latex, medicines, cork, fibers, natural resins, oils and timber. Most of these are eatables and are the fundamental elements that make our cuisines diverse and rich. Others like timber are of abundant decorative significance. Timber is employed in the manufacturing of all kinds of furniture, floors and walls. Timber is also used as support for raising tents and fixing the wooden framework for concreting slabs.urban sprawl has enabled humans to develop more industries, schools and hospitals for the wellbeing of the society. Establishment of these industries has increased the production of all sorts of goods including sports equipment, crockery and food ingredients.In order to conserve the forests, it is assertive that more markets are found that demand the products retrieved from the forests. This approach of sustainable use originates in the fact that adequate management of forests can help

On Eating Roadkill, the Most Ethical Meat Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

On Eating Roadkill, the Most Ethical Meat - Essay ExampleSome researchers argue that factory-farmed internality has various effects on the environment. Therefore, path kill vegetable marrow should be made permissible for as much as it is less harmful to the environment. Also, according to (Buhler 1) most roadkill meat goes to waste since concourse do not consume it. By making it acceptable to eat road kill meat, the waste would be reduced, and less harm would be do to other animals. Game meat is also the healthiest among other meat and eating it would save lots of cash in many families.If the road kill meat is not fresh and healthy, it can lead to various complications. One, it can lead to foodborne illnesses. For instance, a deer killed by the roadside might offer pretends of infections like Toxoplasmosis gondii, chronic wasting disease, and other deer specific infections. Moreover, other roads kill meat like raccoon and squirrel might be carrying diseases related to their sp ecies. Another risk that might be experienced if people are allowed to eat road kill meat is bacterial contamination. Bacterial contamination occurs due to vehicular hit and considering that most ruminants have E. coli 0157, a chance for torn intestines and ruptured bladder leading to a gut spillage would be a concern.If eating road kills meat would be made obligatory and socially acceptable, the following guidelines should be taken into consideration. First, if a person happens to run over an animal, he or she should report to the endorse authorities before handling it.

Answer the following 2 questions seperately Assignment

Answer the following 2 questions seperately - Assignment ExampleOn the other hand, public interest theory asserts the need to deem prices at reasonable rates so that more people can access healthcare services and that more readily and cheaply. As such, the government should interject to ensure that the best interests of the society are served. In this light, there is the push to have the government inject and nurture competition, liberalize information, assuage externalities and to address grocery failures (Sirgy, Dong-Jin & Yu, 2011).Public interest theory is the most plausible and tenable of the two, since healthcare market primarily discharges public or social goods. Healthcare is too secure to be given an economic laissez faire. Likewise, it is very inappropriate and unfortunate to create a situation in the healthcare system where the public bears the burden of useable inefficiencies as players in the business (pharmaceutical and insurance companies, and healthcare instituti ons) rake profits. If the system that is envisioned by the special interest theory must be adoptive or tolerated, healthcare systems must be exempted from such contriving.Imperfect information refers to a situation where the client or the seller does not have partial derivative or large information that may affect their decisions. For instance, in a perfectly competitive market, though healthcare services insurers are entitled to full information pertinent to clients health status so that they can subsequently exact premiums in light of the expected costs, some clients will reserve themselves from expatiate all the crucial information. Again, these clients may deliberately or inadvertently give inaccurate details. Most of the time however, clients will knowingly withhold information or give incorrect details to escape higher insurance premiums. The import of this development is that it often paves way for market failure, since the giver of the inaccurate or unelaborated

Critique of a research nursing article Assignment

Critique of a research nursing member - Assignment Example2008). The article critique will also assess its public figure (qualitative), which the authors cite to have utilized in this study with the intention of establishing its relevance to the purpose stated (Weinstein, Colin & Tony, 2003). This is because research in nursing similar to other field usually seeks to devise effective ways meant to ensure patients welfare as well as improving service deliverys quality (Polit and Beck, 2008). This is via utilizing evidence-based research, which right off numerous scholars have immensely utilized in ensuring medical fields service delivery is up to date (Polit and Beck, 2008). The assessment of this article has turn up the article still upholds its logic. This is via being consistent with the qualitative research that compares information attained from the participants, which comprises assessing peoples perceptions regarding both Interprofessional Working (IPW) and Interprofessional Learning (IPL) (Pollard, Miers & Gilchrist, 2005). Additionally, the critiquing method of this article besides utilizing varied approaches, it assumes Cormack framework. This encompasses detailed analysis of each section making up the integral studys content (Caldwell, Henshaw & Taylor, 2005). 2. ... s cast employ in this task entails studying peoples experiences and receiving feedbacks concerning both Interprofessional Learning and Interprofessional Working from diverse medical practitioners each representing chosen posts (Thannhauser, 2010). The design is consistent with the wide-cut studys purpose, whereby the required information cannot have an alternative and effective method to assume this role. Qualitative research in this task enables the assessor to plunge the participants who in turn responds willingly and in a relaxed manner (Murphy & Dingwall, 2003). Hence, creating conducive environment where the subjects are capable of expressing themselves without feeling belitt led or disregarded (Pollard, Miers & Rickaby, 2012). This is diaphanous from the unstructured interviews undertaken whose core purpose entailed to ensure subjects representing varied positions in the medical field were able to express their sentiments. These interviews were in the locations, which the subjects preferred and they could feel comfortable when expressing their sentiments (Pollard, Miers & Rickaby, 2012). Besides, design allows participants to contribute in what they feel will render the entire task to be successful, hence aiding the researcher to observe their social interactions (Pollard, 2006). For illustration, while working together, participants represent strong boldness via questioning the inactiveness of their members who may be representing other disciplines (Pollard, Miers & Rickaby, 2012). Hence, encourage them to contribute both verbally and in actions with the intention of ascertaining the success of the entire study process. However, the collected data an d its varied arguments seem to have eluded negative perceptions of the subjects towards Interprofessional

Some Factors that Influence Language Development in Children Essay

Some Factors that Influence Language Development in Children - Essay ExampleThis ability explains why very young children acquire the spoken communication of the environment that they live in faster than old(a) ones. Following McCarthy (1960), the main stages that follow in early childhood evoke be summarized as talk and cooing, pronouncing a variety of syllables (not complete words), imitating sounds and voices of others, and ending up with the pronouncement of a limited number of complete words. Knudtzon (1998) notes that in the second year the child can use two-word sentences. And in the third year he is a keen user of expression. The progress continues by interacting with other members of the biotic community, and by joining school, where speaking, reading and compose skills be developed.In the very early stage the children are mainly under the effect of their parents and siblings. Developments in their cognitive abilities affect them as they grow up. Interacting with the community and going to school may require the child to learn another language different from what he uses at home or in the community. It is the range of this paper to report on the empirical findings by different researchers on family structure, cognitive abilities and second-language learning as factors that influence the childs language breeding either positively or negatively. These findings are mainly the result of observing samples of children of different ages over a specific period of time that may extend for months, and of conversations with parents.2. Family StructureFamilies make up normally of two parents, but there are families of one parent only. There may or may not be siblings for the child whose development of language is considered. One parent or both may be working or not, and have different educational... According to the report findings families consist usually of two parents, but there are families of one parent only. There may or may not be siblings for th e child whose development of language is considered. Some families assume an active role in their community, while others just keep to themselves. Family structure then, while taking into account parents work, education and relations to others in the community, surely has an immense effect on the childs language development. This effect can speed up the childs language development, or slow it down, depending on how many hours the children are close to their parents, the type of vocabulary the parents use, and the amount of talk input by them.This essay stresses thatthe effect of siblings on a younger brother or sis is paramount. From the personal experience of some parents, it has been found that the first child will have slower language development, in terms of how many words that he or she can pronounce, and sentences that can be formed at a certain age while the second or third will be faster in acquiring more words, and using them at the analogous age. In these cases, older si blings act as language teachers of a special kind. The same age range, the similar cognitive abilities, and the close ways of pronouncing will make it easier for the older and younger to get on well. In such an interaction, the transfer of skills, from the older to the younger, flows in a natural and smooth way and greatly enhances language development in both.

Gender determination Essay Example for Free

Gender determination EssayWhen an individual is born, he or she has male or female sexual organs and this determines the sex of that individual and consequently how the auberge expects that person to behave. Gender is different however, in that it transcends the simple biologic explanation of why one and only(a) is a male child and another is a daughter. This paper will focus on what makes one a girl putt aside the fact that one was born one. It will also look at the possibility of an individual being born a girl however changing to become a boy. How and why this is done is also part of the discussion. Gender is described as the socially constructed roles, deportment, activities and attributes that a peculiar(prenominal) society considers take away for men and women (http//www. who. int). This means that to be masculine or feminine depends on a society and not only on the sexual organs that one is born with. Once an individual is born, the society teaches him or her how to behave according to the expectations that specific society has for an individual belonging to his or her particular sex.Every society has some roles that are assigned to male and female members of the society and this determines whether one is male or female. The question then becomes whether one is born with his or her sexual urge or this is learned from the society that one grows in. In my own case, attending a girls school located my becoming feminine and olibanum becoming a girl despite the fact that I was born a girl. In the school, only girls were around and and then were the only role models that I had. This meant that I only had other girls to emulate in my behaviour and my peers were also girls so together we all aspired to be better girls.The teachers we had were also keen on ensuring that we were trained on how girls should behave in certain occasions and also which aspects were to be admired in a girl and which were abhorrent in a female. This shows that one can be trained to become feminine or masculine but it is important to note that it is not always so. This can be demonstrated by the number of girls who would get into trouble with the teachers for playing truant yet this was supposed to be an undesirable trait for girls and hence was dissuaded.These girls were given the equivalent training as all their peers yet tended to behave differently causing one to question whether gender is completely determined by the society (Morrow 1991). condescension the question that is posed above, it is clear that girls who are educated in girls only schools are usually more feminine than those who attend blend schools. This is because those in mixed schools are not controlled as much as those in girls only schools. The environment they are reared in leans more towards femininity and thus tends to discourage any behaviour that is seen to be masculine.The lack of an alternative form of behaviour leads to their feminine behaviour although some will tr y deviate by doing what they think others are doing elsewhere (Askew Davey 2005). This then leads to the question whether or not one can change from being a girl into a boy? Apart from the biological way, culture has two different ways of changing an individuals gender. This can either be done by changing the culture one has been brought up in or by being brought up in an environment that emphasises the behaviour of the opposite sex (Watney 1994).Since gender is determined by the roles that a society assigns to each sex, ones gender can change depending on the culture one finds him or herself in at a particular time. Roles assigned to the sexes by different cultures differs and are interchanged whereby roles assigned to women in one culture may be assigned to men in another culture. In this way a male in one culture may be seen to be feminine in another thus changing a male into a female or vice versa. Another way that one can change ones gender is by rearing a girl in a male envir onment.The girl tends to adopt the masculine behaviours exhibited by her male counter parts as has been witnessed by the women who venture into fields expect to be the male domain. This is in politics and business where women who succeed in these environments are seen to be more masculine than feminine thus changing their gender to becoming more male than female (Miller, Lewy Peckham1997). In conclusion, it is correct to say that an individuals gender is not only determined by his or her sex but also by the culture that they have grown in.the roles that a culture assigns to an individual are used to determine femininity and masculinity of members of the society. It is possible for ones gender to be changed depending on which community one is in. Roles assigned depending on an individuals sex change according to the society. Furthermore, the environment one is in influences the behaviour one has thus influencing the gender that one belongs to.Reference1. Askew J. Davey M. 2005, S ex Acts Practices of Femininity and Masculinity, Archives of Sexual Behaviour Vol. 34, Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks 2. Gender, World health organization retrieved on 13th April 2009 from http//www. who. int/topics/gender/en 3. Miller J. B. , Lewy J. Peckham E. 1997, Context Effects on Self-Perceptions of Feminine and Masculine Quantities, Sex A Journal of question Vol. 37 4. Morrow F. 1991, Unleashing Our Unknown Selves An Inquiry into the Future of Femininity and Masculinity, Praeger Publishers 5. Watney S. 1994, Aphrodite of the Future, Artforum International Vol. 32

E-business †Selling shoes in United States Essay Example for Free

E-business Selling stead in joined States EssayOnline snitch attracts certain split of customers gum olibanum any union operating in goods and sound on online shop must have a strategy of imple custodyting their online shop. The designing of the website must be considered a critical factor of success of online shops. There fore, the partnership should acquire a variety of brand of shoes which attracts a specific class of customers that is the customers who ar busy with extra disposable income to expand. They should also expand their product base which gives a customer a wide variety of shoes. An online store should reduce their cost by outsourcing labor from Asia and Africa to keep their products inexpensive to many. The company in online shop should enter into strategic alliances with otherwise companies who have other products so that the online shop leave be made use of apart from men shoe. Women shoes and make ups should be part of the shop to ensure that the si te becomes popular to many. They should also allow in advertisements of other popular products to ensure the differentiation strategy works well.To implement the online shop is one of the best rove t be implemented and this project go forth require the consent of the management. Competitive bank The most established competitors of online shop for shoes for men ar companies which have stores where people walk in and out. Big stores like Walmart and Home Deport have stores selling shoes becoming competitors. However, an online shop for shoes imparting have a competitive edge over the other companies because their products will be sold online to all busy members of the society now that the majority of Americans have online or are intending to have online services into their homes.The company operating physical stores have achieved their goals and what they are doing now is competing for the existing market but a market for online shoppers is not yet developed thus the company wi th such a service will have a high competitive edge to other companies. The future looks bright for a company marketing and selling products online and most companies are selling to satisfy their customers through and through the introduction of online shops and their focus is now to offer unique and high quality shoes to busy members of the society in online shop.This will maintain customers and they will be there for many years to come. Marketing strategy When selling shoes online in the unify States a number of factors are considered. Among the factors consider are who are the potential customers, what promotional strategies and the pricing strategies used. If you consider those facts, marketing of shoes in the joined States online will be easier. The potential customers for online shop of men shoes in the unify states is urban retired pensioners and young business executives who does not have time to do shopping for themselves and for their sons and grandsons.This category own internets broadband in their houses and whenever they need a product, they will browse an online shop, put their attribute number and carry out the transaction. They will expect you to deliver the products to their offices or houses. They range from the age of twenty to the age of ninety and this market is expected to grow as more people are becoming wealthier and busy as compared to the past years. Men naturally tend to be busy and they are pushed into making purchases of shoes by their wives and women and online shop will be a great benefit to them.Women will be another target for selling of shoes of men online in the United States because ladies will appetency to make purchases for their husbands or man friends. The market for this type of shopping is increasing and its becoming greater than it is expected. Selling shoes online will provide cheap and high quality shoes to busy men in the society who have no time to go out to do shopping for shoes. The online shop will provide a guide and inform men of the variety of shoes available in the main companys store. This will affix the marketing strategy of the company.The aim of the shop will be to provide high quality and affordable shoes to the busy members of the community. An online shop will repose the company to the point of offering high quality shoes which can be ordered form where one is situated. It will also act as a promotional centre for the company since the products of the company will be displayed on online. The customers will be informed of the variety without using any other media in advertising. This will help the company in product differentiation which is essential to positioning.This means the products sold online are positioned and they stand apart from competitive products offered by other companies. This combination of product differentiation and competitive offerings through online gives the company important attributes. The company website and online shop will be based in the Unit ed States ensuring that the products are marketed far worldwide but based in the United States. Pricing strategy Selling shoes online in the United States especially mens shoes is one of the best method of selling products in the United States.The pricing strategy of shoes normally varies from plant to plant and is ordinarily set to merge the prices of competitors. This is normally because most competitors operate in the same abutment without any competitor having a competitive edge against others. It is essential that cave in quality plants of shoes to have the same price as competitors. However, price setting is aimed at ensuring profitability of the firm in business. The cost of purchase, distribution and guardianship of the website should be taken care of when setting the prices of shoes online.The price indicated should show the value of the shoes and the delivery amount. This is because the firm in business includes capital fatality and associated gains that covers the ex penses of the organization. Always the profit is considered when setting price which is equals to the price net cost while capital gains is equivalent to the current assets and fixed asset running costs. In choosing the target market for shoes online, it is important before setting up online shop. Online shopping attracts some class of customers.Take for example most city and environ dwellers as compared to people in rural and interior areas where broadband have not reached. Statistics in the united states indicate that almost 50% of households in the united states have broadband in their houses meaning before any shopping is done, customers will check the online store to see the price, compare the value of money pay and time wasted to go to the store to buy one. If the value is higher, then the customer will enter a purchase agreement with an online shop.In the United States, there is an growing of aging population with an extra disposable income who does not have time to go out to do shopping. They will rather do online shopping paying an extra fee for delivery of goods and services. Therefore, the pricing strategy in the gross revenue of shoes online should consider the cost of delivery and the capital gains of the company Sales strategy Online shop will sell their products through online transactions where the customers enquires about the product real time.If the product is in store, the customer is requested his credit card number, then the transaction is completed upon the supply of the credit card number. The goods are then organized for dispatch to the customers office. Again the company will operate a walk in walk out store where members of the public will patronize the store for the suggest of purchasing goods and taking them away. The online store will target geographical areas which are easily accessible by the transport system that will deliver goods to the customers.Sales will be offered at prices affordable to many within a geographical area. The markets will be segmented for the purpose of the sales team to know which area one is found for the purpose of setting the prices. Sales forecast Being the new product in the market, the company will carry out aggressive marketing which will change magnitude the sales on a continuous or constant trend. At the beginning, the company estimates to make yearly sales of 15 million. Thereafter, the sales will increase at the rate of 10% which will eventually consist of 2% of the market for men shoes.This ambitious plan will be possible through controlled and aggressive sales and marketing plan keeping in touch with the companys objectives. The companys objective could be updated on annual basis so as to ensure that the projected sales are adjusted accordingly. Our sales team will carry out survey to touch on the current satisfaction and future needs of our customers. As regards to sales, a trend in sales is analyzed with professionals to ascertain the likelihood in changing the sal es forecasted.

Introduction to Organizational Politics Essay Example for Free

Introduction to Organizational Politics EssayThis piece consists heavily of quotations from and adaptations of material from several sources (see references at the end). There still may be some unreferenced quotations because I have lost track of their genesis over many years of moving content through various notes. I dont seize originality, other than the choice and organizing of material Rex Mitchell. Pfeffer (1992, p. 30) defined administration as the processes, the actions, the behaviors through which potential power is utilized and realized.Another author (Dubrin, 2001 , p. 92) defined organizational government as informal approaches to gaining power through means other than merit or luck. It could be argued that politics are used primarily to achieve power, both directly or indirectly, e. g. , by being promoted, receiving a larger budget or other resources, or gaining desirable assignments. Many people regard organizational politics as something negative (e. g. , pur suing selflnterests at the expense of others) and something to be minimized.Consequently, although most people know that organizational politics are common, they avoid axiom so when it concerns one=s own ehavior. It is more common to talk about politics when complaining about a loss to a genius than it is in the context of ones own political maneuvering. When we win on an issue, we call it leadership when we lose, we call it politics. In many organizations, politics is a taboo subject, which makes it ticklish for individuals to deal with this crucially important aspect of organizational reality.I believe a leader must skillfully use organizational politics to gain ground and retain power and to accomplish major goals. Therefore, it would be a mistake to pretend that politics does not exist or to antasize that a leader buns be effective without appropriate (and ethical, I would add) use of politics. As Pericles wrote over 2500 years ago, Just because you do not take an interest in politics doesnt mean politics wont take an interest in you. I regard organizational politics as neither good nor bad, per se, although it is important for us to distinguish between ethical and unethical political behavior.

The Advantages and Disadvantages of Case Study Research

The Advantages and Disadvantages of Case topic ResearchIntroductionThis croak is to present the deterrent example study as a research approach, showing that its impression is not an easy task, due mainly to its legion(predicate) different approaches and applications. It high lowers its increasing magnificence as a research tool, exploring its origins, meanings and delineation as an investigation methodology. In order to demonstrate its application, it indicates its most common advantages and constraints, stressing the grave role played by the researcher, who must(prenominal) be cargonful about generalizations, striving constantly for scientific rigor in the treatment of the subject.The baptistry study method is considered a kind of qualitative analysis (GOODE, 1962) and has been considered, according to Yin (1994, p. 10) the weaker brother of the methods of Social Sciences. only when patronage the weaknesses and limitations, the case study has had widely use not only in soc ial research, but also as a modality research, with applications in m whatsoever other areas or in disciplines that has a strong orientation to legal practice and administration, besides be used for the preparation of theses and dissertations.The main objective of this work is to present the case study method as a research approach and to consider issues relevant for the conduct use this method, analyzing its advantages and disadvantages that should be considered in light of the kinds of problems and questions to be answered.Case study discharge accomplish many of the resembling goals as other methods. For example, the case study can be exploratory (create red-hot knowledge), constructive (solve some problem), or confirmatory (test a hypothesis with empirical evidence). The case study can also use either a principal(a) (the researcher collects the info) or tributary (the researcher uses someone elses data) approach.In the view of Yin, the case study represents an empirical r esearch that investigates a contemporary phenomenon within its real-life context, and includes a method comprehensive, with the logic of planning, crowd and data analysis. Can include both single case studies as multiple, as well as quantitative approaches and qualitative research. (Yin 1994 p.23), help us, he says, to chthonicstand and distinguish the case study method to other research strategies such as the historical method and in-depth interview, the experimental method and survey.The method often is presented as being more appropriate for exploratory research and particularly useful for hypothesis generation and this may have contributed to pose the understanding of what the study method cases, how it is public figureed and conducted. (Yin, 1994)According to different authors, the case study has originated in medical research and psychological research, with analysis in level of an individual case that explains the dynamics and pathology of a given disease. With this proc edure it is assumed that one can acquire knowledge of the phenomenon studied from intense exploration of a single case. Besides the medical and psychological, it became a major methods of qualitative research in human and social sciences.Advantages and Disadvantages of Case Study ResearchCast in a narrative format, descriptive case studies can make complex science and technology projects accessible and interesting to a non-scientist audience. The potential scope of the case study format is flexible and broad, ranging from brief descriptive summaries to long, flesh out cards. Using a storytelling approach, the evaluator may present the genesis of ideas, explore what happened and why, give an account of the human side of a project, explain goals, explore project dynamics, investigate particular phenomenon, and present outcomes in their complexity without being subject to the confines intrinsical in most other evaluation methods. The freedom to collect multiple kinds of information makes the case study method useful for exploring ideas and constructing theories about program or project dynamics.Despite its advantages, the case study method is traditionally considered to have several major limitations as an evaluation tool. Descriptive case studies are qualitative and unreliable. And, whether qualitative or quantitative, case studies typically relate to single projects, or, at best, small clusters of projects, such that their results normally cannot be generalized to the entire portfolio of projects.Noting that distinguished scholars much use case study as a method of analysis, Yin, in his landmark book on case studies, asks, If the case study method has solemn weaknesses, why do tecs continue to use it? (Yin, 1994) Among the possible explanations Yin considers are that people are not trained in the use of other methods, or, for g everywherenmentally sponsored research, that the effortful permission procedures required for surveys and questionnaires have mad e their use a bureaucratically hazardous affair, leading researchers to the case study method, which is relatively unencumbered by restrictions and requirements.Identifying triple types of case studies descriptive, exploratory, and explanatory, Yin argues that the case study method qualifies as a serious research tool. He states, In general, case studies are the preferred strategy when how or why questions are being posed, when the investigator has little control over events, and when the focus is on a contemporary phenomenon within some real-life context. (Yin 1994 p.1)One of the biggest disadvantages to using the case study method has to do with external vs. internal validity. Using the case study method, the researcher often does not have control over certain variables and events and, therefore, cannot control them as the researcher could in a lab experiment Consequently, the researcher using the case study method must be content that his/her findings may only be applicable to similar cases. What the case study gains in internal validity, it loses in external validity.Construct validity is oddly problematic in case study research. It has been a source of criticism because of potential investigator subjectivity. Yin proposed three remedies to counteract this using multiple sources of evidence, establishing a fibril of evidence, and having a draft case study report surveyed by key informants. Internal validity is a concern only in causal (explanatory) cases. This is usually a problem of inferences in case studies, and can be dealt with using pattern-matching, which has been described above. (Yin 1994)External validity deals with knowing whether the results are generalizable beyond the immediate case. more or less of the criticism against case studies in this area relate to single-case studies. However, that criticism is directed at the statistical and not the analytical generalization that is the basis of case studies. dependability is achieved in many ways in a case study. One of the most important methods is the development of the case study protocol.The secondary data is data previously self-collected and recorded by other researchers. There are many advantages and disadvantages to using secondary data for research purposes. One of the most important advantages is the fact that a research can be built on previous research using required experience and knowledge. Moreover, secondary data are usually much cheaper than primary data and very often is freely provided. In addition to this, the collection of secondary data can be super rapid due to high-tech information accessibility and other media. However, the disadvantages of secondary data are equally very important and it must be gathered and used carefully. In most cases such data have been taken during past research with a specific target and this may not cerebrate with other research. Therefore, the circumstances under which secondary data have been created should be exam ined in detail otherwise it has no value at all for advance research (Zikmund, 2003). When a researcher uses this kind of data he/she should be aware of the time period these data refer to.Another disadvantage of secondary data is that researchers sometimes give different definitions for the same problem making the estimation of the final research result confusing. In addition, there can be many other difficulties when using secondary data. The researcher has to know extensive details about the march which has produced the data, such as the samples that have been used and whether the process has taken all the necessary into account. In many cases, adequate information is very difficult to be found or even impossible (Zikmund, 2003). numeric data also has advantages and disadvantages. A major advantage is that it is numerous and it is easily understood. Furthermore, the results are subjective. This means that if it is a result of a large sample, this result can be generally applied and it is scientific. Another keen advantage is that quantitative data is considered as reliable. This means that if a researcher repeats research following the same process, he will find the same results. A major disadvantage of this kind of data is that they are narrow. In other words, it represents a reality without providing any explanation for the result. In a way, it gives picture of the symptoms and not the real problem.Qualitative data also has advantages and disadvantages. A major advantage is that produces more in-depth, comprehensive information. It emphasizes the importance of looking at variables in the natural setting in which they are found. Use subjective information and participant observation to describe the context, of natural setting, of the variables under consideration, as well as the interaction of different variables in context. A major disadvantage of this type of data is that the very subjectivity of the inquiry leads to difficulties in establishing the r eliability and validity of the approaches and information. It is very difficult to prevent or detect researcher induced bias. Its scope is limited due to the in-depth, comprehensive data gathering approaches required.In conclusion this work presents some discussion of case study in terms of its advantages and disadvantages. Case studies are considered valuable in research as they enable researchers to examine data at depth analysis. As an alternative to quantitative or qualitative research, case studies can be a applicatory solution when a large sample population is difficult to gain. Although case studies have various advantages, in that they present data of real-life situations and they provide better understandings into the detailed behaviours of the topics of interest.The case study method, like all research methods, is more appropriate for some situations than others. When deciding to use this method of research, an investigator should keep in object the dangers and criticism s that are usually made to the method in question and must take precautions and care necessary to avoid them or minimize their consequences. Nevertheless, the Case Study Method offers significant opportunities for the researcher it may facilitate the study of many cases that wanted to be investigated. This method, as well as qualitative methods is useful when the phenomenon being studied is large and complex, where the body of knowledge is insufficient to support the proposition of causal questions, and where the phenomenon cannot be studied outside the context where it naturally occurs.The researcher must use the designated data gathering tools systematically and properly in collecting the evidence and need to define its object study, the type of research focus, control that the investigator has over actual issues, and the focus on contemporary phenomenon rather than historical and, from there, build a research process, limiting the universe to be studied. Throughout the design pha se, researchers must ensure that the study is well constructed to ensure construct validity, internal validity, external validity, and reliability.A common point among several authors (GOODE, 1962 and Yin, 1994) is a recommendation for great care when the design phase, researchers must ensure that the study is well constructed to ensure construct validity, internal validity, external validity, and reliability. Like all research has advantages and limitations of its application, and deserves the care necessary when the search for generalizations. Case study method has always been criticised for its lack of rigour and the tendency for a researcher to have a biased interpretation of the data. But despite the criticisms, weaknesses and limitations, the case study has had widely used in all areas. However, its importance is undeniable as an instrument research and the study should be fit(p) in academic discussion.External validity reflects whether or not findings are generalizable beyo nd the immediate case or cases the more variations in places, people, and procedures a case study can withstand and still yield the same findings, the more external validity. Techniques such as cross-case examination and within-case examination along with literature review help ensure external validity. Reliability refers to the stability, accuracy, and precision of measurement. Exemplary case study design ensures that the procedures used are well documented and can be repeated with the same results over and over again.

Development of Water Treatment Plant

Development of piss intervention PlantASSIGNMENTAccess to safe potable- peeing supply is essential to health, a basic human right and a component of effective policy for health protection. The nature and form of drinking-water standards may vary among countries and regions. There is no integrity approach that is universally applicable. A number of governmental and non-governmental agencies provide guidance on safeguarding the superior of public water supplies. The documents according to which the treatment plant for cataclysm struck region is established are-GUIDELINES FOR DRINKING WATER QUALITY by WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION in GENEVA08GUIDANCE FOR SAFEGUARDING THE QUALITY OF national WATER SUPPLIES by DRINKING WATER INSPECTORATE, U.K.SPHERE MINIMUM STANDARDS FOR HUMANITARIAN RELIEFHere we present a brief description of what role these entertain in providing safe water to the public.WHO Guidelines for drinking water Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality explains requirements to ensure drinking-water safety, including minimum procedures and specific guideline values, and how those requirements are intended to be used. The Guidelines describe fairish minimum requirements of safe practice to protect the health of consumers and/or derive numerical guideline values for constituents of water or indicators of water quality. WHO analyzes the water quality on the following aspects-1. Microbial aspect Securing the microbial safety of drinking-water supplies is based on the use of multiple restrictions, from catchment to consumer, to preclude the pollution of drinking-water or to reduce contamination to levels not injurious to health. Faecally derived pathogens are the principal concerns in eagernessting health-based targets for microbial safety. In addition to faecally borne pathogens, other microbial hazards (e.g., guinea worm Dracunculus medinensis, toxic blue-green algae and Legionella) may be of public health importance under specific circumstances. Th e parameters most commonly measured to assess microbial safety are as followsE. coli zero E. coli per 100 ml of waterResidual chlorine in the range of 0.2-1 mg/litre.2. Chemical aspect A number of chemical contaminants pick out been shown to cause adverse health effects in humans as a consequence of prolonged exposure through drinking-water. The prescribed concentration of received chemicals in purified water is as under3. Radiological aspects -The health risk associated with the presence of naturally occurring radionuclides in drinking-water should also be taken into consideration, although the contribution of drinking-water to come in exposure to radionuclides is real elflike under normal circumstances. Formal guideline values are not set for individual radionuclides in drinking-water.4. Acceptability aspects - Water should be free of tastes and odours that would be objectionable to the majority of consumers. Changes in the normal appearance, odour or taste of a drinking-wat er supply may signal changes in the quality of the raw water source or deficiencies in the treatment process and should be investigated.Regulations according to Drinking Water Inspectorate, UK The water quality regulations set legal standards for water, which must be met by water companies in England and . Many of the standards are based on World Health Organization guidelines and include very wide safety margins. The regulations and standards are on the DWI web site at www.dwi.gov.uk. As the guardians of drinking water quality, the main role of the Drinking Water Inspectorate is to utilise the regulations and check that water companies in England supply water that is safe to drink and meets the standards set in the regulations.Sphere minimum Standards For The Sphere Project was launched in 1997 by a group of humanitarian NGOs and the Red Cross and Red Crescent movement. The main objective of water supply and sanitation programmes in disasters is to reduce the contagious disease of faeco-oral diseases and exposure to disease-bearing vectors through the promotion of good hygiene practices, the provision of safe drinking water and the reduction of environmental health risks and by establishing the conditions that allow mint to live with good health, dignity, comfort and security.Key indicators-There are no faecal coliforms per 100ml at the point of delivery.Water is treated with a disinfectant so that there is a free chlorine residual at the tap of 0.5mg per litre and turbidity is below 5 NTUAverage water use for drinking, cookery and personal hygiene in any household is at least 15 litres per person per dayThe maximum distance from any household to the nighest water point is 500 metresTill now we have discussed the parameters and respective standards prescribed by various organizations for drinking water quality. We now turn to our botherOBJECTIVE To construct a water treatment plant for a disaster struck area in the Far east for a cosmos of about 1500 internally displaced people that agrees with the provisions of WHO guidelines, U.K. Regulations and Sphere minimum standards and to discuss the likely microbial challenges that the plant might face and their potential impact on water quality.Details of the water source The only available water source is a limestone spring fed pond whose chemical analysis handle is as under-All the other parameters are believed to be in accordance with the U.K. regulationsThe desired plant supplies water to 1500 people and according to the Sphere Minimum Standards, an individuals daily need of water is approximately 15 litres. This means that the capacity of the plant must be about 22500 litres per day (22.5 kilolitres/day)Our prime objective in designing the treatment plant is toLevel the pH to about 6.5-7.5Bring the concentration of aluminium to below 0.2mg/lBenzene level below 0.01 mg/lFaecal coliform count to about zero per 100mlAll the above parameters are as per the WHO norms, UK regulations and Sphere standards. The rest of the parameters are in accordance with the UK Regulations and wherefore need not be treated. Next we design a WaterTreatment plant as per the prescribed guidelines with a capacity of 25 kilolitres per day.LAYOUT OF THE intervention PLANTWe now present an elaborate overview of the plant and the methods incorporated in itStage 1Water leaves the limestone spring fed pond and is pumped into the ii raw water reservoirs each of capacity 25kilolitres. The purpose of having two reservoirs is that when one needs to be cleaned the plant can still operate continuously.Stage 2Pre-chlorination is done at this stage in the two raw water reservoirs. It is done by using a dosing pump that supplies sodium hypochlorite. As a result disinfection begins.Stage 3Water from the raw water reservoir enters the Flash Mixer where a coagulant Poly Aluminum Chloride (PAC) is added to bind any small particles. Sodium carbonate is also added to control the pH and also to remove the hardness caused by limestone. The dosed water is now retained for a perfectly period to enable the binding process to start before the water passes to the Clarification Stage.Stage 4The water dosed with coagulant is discharged into the piece of tail of the clarifier and as the water flows upwards so the particles bound together by the PAC form a gunk blanket just below the arise of the water. The sludge blanket traps more particles as the water flows through it to the outlet channels which span the clarifier at the water surface. From time to time some of the sludge blanket is drawn off and discharged to the sludge processing plant.Stage 5The clarified supernatant water is then sent to therapid gravity filters, containing a gravel base and a bed of granular activated carbon which removes any remaining fine particles. The granular activated carbon is also highly useful in removing organic compounds such as benzene which can cause taste problems in the supply.Stage 6To provid e an effective barrier againstfaecal coliforms, the filtered water is then passed through amembrane filtration system. It also retains the flocculants of aluminium hydroxide that are formed due to excess concentration (concentration greater than 2mg/litre) of aluminium in water.In this microfiltration plant the water is allowed to pass through six different compartments each containing a mesh (or screen) of pore size 0.2 microns (1 micron = one thousandth of a millimeter), readily available in the market. Feed water passes through the walls of this membrane producing a filtrate free of faecal coliform and other suspended solids.Stage 7Following filtration the filtered water is further dosed with chlorine to ensure adequate disinfection. It remains in contact with a high dose of chlorine for a minimum of six hours in a covered contact tank. Chlorine disinfects the water by killing bacteria and viruses.Stage 8After exit the contact tank, the final water is dosed with Sulphur Dioxide to reduce the chlorine residual to its set point before being sent for distribution.This right smart we view as clean and safe water for supply to the customers.A major problem we encountered in the limestone spring fed pond was the grazing of farm animals particularly goats that direct to microbial contamination of the pond. Grazing animals can negatively affect water quality through erosion and sediment transport into surface waters, through nutrients from piss and feces dropped by the animals. The two nutrients of primary concern relating to animal production are N and P. Nitrogen is of concern because high concentrations in drinking water in the NO3 form cause methemoglobinemia (blue baby disease), whereas other forms of N (primarily nitrite, NO2) are considered to be potentially carcinogenic. Phosphorus in the PO4 form is of concern because it causes eutrophication of surface water bodies.The next major problem is of the migratory aquatic birds that arrive during a three we ek period in November. During migratory movements, birds carry pathogens that can be transmitted between species at breeding, wintering, and stopover places where numerous birds of various species are concentrated. During these yearly migrations, birds have the potential of dispersing microorganisms that can be dangerous for public as well as animal health. Birds are believed to be responsible for the wide geographic distribution of various pathogens, including viruses (e.g., West Nile, Sindbis, influenza A, Newcastle), bacteria (e.g., borrelia, mycobacteria, salmonellae), and phylum Protozoa (e.g., cryptosporidia). Bacteria, viruses, and protozoa when ingested in drinking water can cause a number of infectious waterborne diseases such as cholera, typhoid, hepatitis, and infectious gastrointestinal diseases like cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis.TreatmentSome microbial contaminants can be removed by water treatment coagulation and filtration processes. Disinfection has been proven ef fective against bacteria and viruses, and the method of Membrane Filtration is able to remove the Cryptosporidium.A very essential condition of an effective treatment plant is to establish a well developed watershed or a wellhead protection program. Controlling or eliminating microbial sources before they contaminate a water supply will go a long way toward simplifying treatment and reducing costs associated with a contaminated supply.This is the proposed plant for the treatment of water which the community can operate and which provides a healthy and safe drinking water. Apart from this the people should be aware enough to utilize optimum amount of water and the people should consider it as their moral responsibility to prevent contamination of water by their activities.