The New York Stock Exchange Essays

The New York Stock Exchange Essays The New York Stock Exchange Paper The New York Stock Exchange Paper Our motivation is to flexibly you and your organization with point by point data, so you can settle on a good choice on the investment opportunity you would like to buy and benefit from throughout the following not many years. We have chosen to dissect Cedar Fair, LP (NYSE: FUN) and one of its principle rivals Walt Disney Co. (NYSE: DIS). While exploring, it is essential to utilize every one of your assets. We at Walnut Street Securities, Inc. have done broad examination so we can present to you the best investment opportunities with the most elevated gainfulness and achievement rate. While seeing Cedar Fair, we will think about that no organization is great. There may be inconsistencies, however we find that it is significant for us to present to all of you the realities from each part of the organization before settling on a choice on a buy. Extension We have investigated and inspected the organizations foundation data, money related reports, official statements, stock costs, profits, contenders, increases and new attractions, and even claims that could impact this organization in the financial exchange. As we take a gander at the foundation data we will see the improvement Cedar Fair has made throughout the years and the current resources this organization have. We will likewise find in the money related bit of the report, the impacts on income, net gain, and deals in the course of the most recent three years. Moreover, while taking a gander at the stock and profit costs you will have the option to think about Cedar Fair, LP and Walt Disney, Co. for the best yield rate. The ongoing official statements and current claims will likewise give you an understanding regarding how these organizations perform as indicated by the news reports and general assessment. Philosophy To investigate the information encased in the report we sent Walnut Street Securities, Inc. delegates to libraries to investigate budgetary and friends databases and sites. Too, printed sources, for example, papers and periodicals, were utilized in the examination of this report. A portion of the printed sources utilized were from Standard and Poors 2006 Edition, Americas Most Watched Companies and Mergents, Handbook of Common Stock. A portion of the supportive databases and sites we explored were cedarfair. com, disney. com, bigcharts. com, valueline. com, and businesssourcepremier. com. Cedar Fair, LP spends significant time in diversion and beguilement. Rollercoaster, park rides, water parks, indoor water parks, appears, resorts, games, food, and keepsakes is the thing that this organization offers to people in general. As the NYSE ticker image recommends (FUN) is the thing that Cedar Fair is about. Cedar Fair since starting tasks in 1983, has aggregated twelve properties, seven entertainment meccas, and five water parks. Cedar Point situated on Lake Erie, among Cleveland and Toledo, OH, serves an all out market zone of around 26 million individuals. Knotts Berry Farms, Los Angeles, CA, serves in excess of 20 million individuals. Dorney Park and Wild Water Kingdom in Allentown, PA serves 35 million individuals. Geauga Lake and Wild Water Kingdom situated close to Cleveland, serves around 7 million individuals and Michigans Adventure in Muskegon, MI serves the region of around 5 million individuals. (Yearly Report, 2) The five water parks are situated close San Diego, Palm Springs, and furthermore go with Knotts Berry Farms, Worlds of Fun, and Cedar Point. Cedar Fair likewise claims and works Castaway Bay indoor water park and resort in Sandusky, OH. (Yearly Report, 2) In 1991, Cedar Fair comprised of just two parks with joined participation of just 4. 1 million individuals every year and $128 million in incomes. As of late, participation has reached more than 12. 7 million individuals per year and keeps up incomes of $520 million. This is about a 3% expansion from the earlier year. (www. valueline. com) Four years in the wake of beginning tasks, in 1987, Cedar Fair, LP turned out to be traded on an open market in the New York Stock Exchange.

Marketing Journal Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Advertising Journal - Personal Statement Example It empowers me to welcome the very much created promoting system of Starbucks rather than simply marking it as a claim to fame espresso retailer concentrated on getting cups of espresso the market. I currently observe that the accomplishment of Starbucks is because of its very much arranged and far reaching promoting procedure. It gives that Starbucks experience by having great mood, great espresso, and great baristas. I would need to state that I value its mission in utilizing green espresso permitting it to help little ranchers whose fundamental work is delivering naturally developed espresso which are devoured by Starbucks customers. I like the organization's exertion in guaranteeing that beans are green and moral as this increase the value of their items. As a separating client, I would readily pay a premium for an item which is fabricated by a socially capable business association feeling that I am having a decent item as well as is likewise given the chance and connect with oth ers through my buys. I accept that promoting has a decent effect in us. ... Promoting isn't awful in itself. Promoting just reacts to our developing needs taking note of that the achievement of a crusade is subject to our responsiveness. In this manner, I accept the mischief that it can deliver on people and society is subject to our acknowledgment of it. The commonness of corporate social obligation as a decent method of advertising a business association is useful for the general public. As we clients keep on favoring items which are made by socially capable makers and specialist organizations, we additionally keep on encouraging organizations to offer back to the general public that they work in. The more prominent cooperation of organizations in work, instructive, and budgetary advancement of less advantaged social orders just shows how advertising helps the economy and society in general. Through promoting, we get educated regarding what organizations do and how they add to reasonable turn of events. For me, the most significant issue that organizations should concentrate on in this time is the current monetary log jam. Perceiving that it is influencing all countries both created and creating, organizations should look to limit the pass up aiding in their own specific manners. This should be possible by straightforwardly mediating in countries where help is required. Another is through keeping their laborers and concentrating on other cost-cutting activities. I figure it will be unreasonable to concentrate on ecological worries right now when our concern is in financial food. I will be a lot of satisfied to see business associations organizing with government and different organizations in making the monetary downturn progressively endurable for everybody in the globe. This is an earnest issue and a business association which calls

Complexity of Personal Income Tax †Free Samples to Students

Question: Examine about the Complexity of Personal Income Tax. Answer: Presentation: The contextual analysis is focussed on being related with private status that requires being perceived in a superior way so as to consider charge on compensation assembled from an Australian association. For the situation, it was esteemed that in the wake of being an inhabitant of Chile, the individual stays a changeless tenant in Australia. Case situation clarified that Kit didn't gain citizenship of the country notwithstanding living in Australia. Salary Management gathered by Australian resident is because of worldwide sources collection as clarified by IT RULING 2650 UNDER ITAA 1997. In view of the structure of Australian habitation, an individual may get burdened depended on the pay that is assembled from Australia. This essentially depends on the reality accumulated salary by Kit may get burdened according to the tax assessment arrangement of Australia. Also, in view of the contextual analysis, it very well may be said that Kit may get perceived for understanding the genuine duty risk that was claimed to Australian government (Lombard 2017). According to the contextual investigation, Kit was acquiring inside Australia at the hour of keeping up Chilean citizenship card. Hence, private test must be done to ensure reasonable Kit status that can encourage in keeping up ongoing private status. House Test: The house test showed a legal model that can be utilized for envisioning ongoing private situation of individuals. According to the laws and rules demonstrated by house act 1982 Residential test use is cultivated. The demonstration significantly shows uncovering rules, laws alongside significant individual rights that can be utilized in understanding the private status. Place of 1982 on a very basic level portrays that each and every individual has their own specific rights to keep up the living course of action of another state or nation (Aldridge et al. 2015). Regardless, in the present relevant examination it is depicted that Unit has bought another house in Australia, which states is intension to pick up living arrangement in Australia. As showed by the Australian expense evaluation structure under portion 6 of the duty assortment regulating 2650, fundamentally communicates that charges are used on individuals who has made home uncertainly in Australia. Thusly, according to the Australian duty appraisal law when a man home is orchestrated in Australia, he ought to be depleted by the Australian law. In this way surveying the occasion of Unit according to Segment 6 one of the 1936 it is communicated that Pack unending spot of house is in Australia. This for the most part satisfies and agrees to the constant living course of action thought of Australia, which empowers Australian duty evaluation specialists to accumulate charge from Unit (Briggs et al. 2013). Pack dwelled inside the country alongside accomplishing expanded salary for the general year that tends to the Australian residency clarification. Thusly, agreeable home test is been driven, which perceived Pack as an Australian house and propels him to pay Austral ian cost According to 183-dat test shows if an individual remains for more than one and half year in a specific country then he ends up being that countries occupant. From the case circumstance, it was esteemed that Kit was an Australian inhabitant for over the referenced years that affirms him as the resident of that nation. Then again, Kit leaves his association for all the quarters in a year for accomplishing a family visits. Unit includes procured a property inside Australia for his family that clarifies the private status of the individual. The group of Kit lives in that house for more than three years that increase makes them Australian resident. As indicated by F .C. of T. v. 2 Applegate (79 ATC 4307? (1979) 9 ATR 899, individuals dwelling inside Australia for over a concluded year will turn into its changeless occupant. Case circumstance clarified that Kit goes under the law of 183 days and house test that makes him a changeless resident. Being a changeless Australian resident Kit mus t address all his duties according to Australian expense specialists. Evaluation of Income charge: Compensation Impose Act clarified that an individual is inside hazard inside Australia for tending to Management charge of significant presence with respect to the residency. Thinking about the equivalent, an inhabitant can lead private test for plausibility acknowledgment and to examine their residency inside the country. As demonstrated by this relevant examination, Pack has gotten pay in Westpac budgetary equalization, which is encouraged in Australia (Manasan 2015). Also, the association Pack is working is furthermore an Australian base Endeavor. Such installment was accumulated in the country that is considered open according to Tax Collection Law of Australia. Regardless, pack moreover places assets into pay from presentation of offers in chillies promote. Subsequently, the pay ought to be outfitted under Australian assessment assortment law. Applegate per Franki J 79 ATC generally depicts that Unit is an inhabitant of Australia and prerequisites to give all his pay both in abroad and home country, while recording the compensation evaluation structure. Salary accumulated will be as money in the year thinking about that private test can discover an Australian occupant. Along these lines, it could be appreciated that the usage of Australian duty appraisal law could essentially token to avoid the twofold assessment assortment slip-up and case prohibitions, taking into account an Arrangement set apart by Australia with other 40 countries. Californian Copper Syndicate Ltd v Harris (Surveyor of Taxes) (1904) 5 TC 159 The present contextual investigation demonstrates the all out worry that was managed by California Copper Syndicate Limited alongside expendable property accumulated for minerals (Sapiei Abdullah, 2014). The case discoveries can enormously affect the capital that is existent inside trial that was not esteemed to be sufficient assets. The court introduced certain decision inside the case. This demonstrates the accumulated benefits by an individual can be perceived in better manner. The court guaranteed that specific benefit accumulated from diminishing a few significant costs remains profoundly available on account of property deal. Such situation significantly encourages in diminishing practices those are unjustifiable that was utilized by digging associations for the explanation of expanding the productivity. The court may choose a few property change alongside salary assembled from exchange that can be profoundly considered as discretionary cashflow for that may be burdened. Alongside the help of the current case, significant business and development leads that can be accumulated from the property deal that can be seen to be accessible inside wares. Thus, this may be understood that salary picked up from property deal is available according to Australian duty regularities (Manski 2014). The court may demonstrate that few business conducts at the hour of property selling may be considered as capital resources acknowledgment. This may be inferred that few selling action of any property that can be considered as capital resources acknowledgment. FC of T v Whitfords Beach Pty Ltd (1982) 150 CLR The contextual investigation uncovered that money accumulated from property selling is essentially the capital Management. The cash of a citizen showed that property and benefits acknowledgment probably won't encourage esteeming appraisal. Thinking about the instance of Mason, Morphy and Wilson showed that under segment 25 (1) can portray the salary assembled from property deal may get obtained by the appropriate individual (Clingingsmith Shane 2015). Without court infringement, an assertion can be furnished with a revelation that remembers a few exercises for request to be done by an individual. After court infringement, which means offered a statement that includes a few behaviors for being completed by individuals. The legitimate decision in regards to salary disclosed that citizens need to conform to accessible pay structure notwithstanding standards of general bookkeeping. The current case significantly demonstrates that salary accumulated from partitioned property deal requires being accessible inside segment 25 to 26. Inside such case, it tends to be accumulated that property deal salary in light of misfortune occurred inside business was available. The court likewise shows that because of misfortune brought about inside cultivating business brought about resource deal that probably won't demonstrate the acknowledgment offer ends up being available (Schreiber 2015). This probably won't be thought about that acknowledgment scale is according to property procedures nature. Casimaty v FC of T 97 ATC 5135 Chosen case demonstrates complete assessment changes that require being paid by a citizen at the hour of doing old property and selling developments alongside partitioning them in particular circumstances. The court shows that in the wake of selling singular squares deal is customary pay alongside land development openness. This should seriously mull over demonstrating Capital Asset acknowledgment and the citizens probably won't direct business development. According to the court if the property was gained for cultivating. This is being utilized as private habitation may be managed inside business (Hoffman 2014). This case additionally demonstrates that there was less plan of benefit making did at the hour of selling property inside a few developments. Certain developments was significantly directed by a rancher for understanding the terrains all out potential alongside guaranteeing legitimate exchanges that doesn't encourage the land to draw near capital additions. The case showed that the land must not consider the benefit making regardless of whether the equivalent is procured for reasons for making benefit. The court demonstrated that imperative reason may be shown or the land selling inside reason may be named, as salary according to essential ideas (Seligson 2015). Such angles may suggest that obtaining property for the motivations behind benefit making requires bearing extra duty dependent on fundamental conce

Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury :: Ray Bradburys Fahrenheit 451

Montag, Beatty and the remainder of the fire fighters anticipated that it should be simply one more consuming. They didn't anticipate that a unidentified lady should end it all alongside consuming her books. As the fire fighters endeavored to spare the lady, she advised them to â€Å"go on.† Within a second, â€Å"The lady on the patio connected with hatred to them all and lit up the kitchen match against the railing.† On the route back to the firehouse, the men didn’t talk or take a gander at one another. While Beatty started demonstrating the information he has picked up from books, which alongside the passing, fire fighters start to show that they are thinking and indicating feelings. While tuning in to Beatty, Blackstone passes the go to the firehouse, while Montag is astounded at his knowledge. In the wake of meeting the outcasts, the war has started, and a bomb was dropped in the city, murdering everybody. Before they start they’re experience back towards the city, Granger chooses to light a fire and cook some reference point. While eating, Granger makes reference to the Phoenix, and clarifies how society is identified with the Phoenix; â€Å"He probably been the primary cousin to man. Be that as it may, each time he consumed himself he sprung out of the cinders, he got himself brought into the world once more. Also, it would seem that we’re doing likewise finished and over.† Subsequent to showing up to Montag’s home, Beatty teaches Montag to consume his own books as his discipline. Rather, Montag consumes the TVs and the bed, despite Millie’s joys. When Beatty finds the shrouded book in Montag’s coat and the earpiece, he discloses to Montag he and Faber will be captured. In dread, Montag turns the fire hurler on Beatty, making him a â€Å"shrieking blast, a hopping, rambling gibbering puppet not, at this point human or known.† After consuming the mechanical pooch, Montag consoles himself that Beatty needed to kick the bucket. Montage consumes his first house, indicating his pleasure and satisfaction in his activity. â€Å"It was a delight to consume. It was an uncommon joy to see things eaten and darken and change.† By the finish of the novel, Montag watches the sun as he skims down the stream. Montag concludes that he should never consume again; â€Å"The sun consumed ordinary. It consumed time. The world hurried around and turned on its hub and time was occupied with consuming the years and the individuals away, with no assistance from him.

Сurrent level satisfaction in Granary Library Essays

Ð ¡urrent level fulfillment in Granary Library Essays Ð ¡urrent level fulfillment in Granary Library Essay Ð ¡urrent level fulfillment in Granary Library Essay The Business I have decided to put together my work with respect to is the Granary library. I will research and analise the ebb and flow level of fulfillment inside the library, the two clients and non-clients. A meeting will be led with an official custodian from the Library, Deirdre O Dea. Quantitative research will include the utilization of a survey with a mix of shut and multi-decision questions. The report inspects whether clients fulfillment with the library administrations is influenced by specific targets. The studies propose a few suggestions and end. Presentation Kotler (2000) characterized fulfillment as: a people sentiment of delight or disillusionment coming about because of contrasting an items saw execution (or result) comparable to their expectations1. At the end of the day the fulfillment can be related with sentiments of acknowledgment, bliss, alleviation, energy and pleasure. There are numerous components that influence consumer loyalty. This exploration includes an overview on the Granary Librarys level of fulfillment. Variables incorporate inviting, educated and considerate workers, administration quality, and great worth. For this situation fulfillment is the express that outcomes after the library client has emphatically encountered a help. The study was intended to evaluate use of and fulfillment with assets and chose library administrations. Numerous analysts have investigated the significance of consumer loyalty. For this situation it is significant for clients to get a satisfactory library administration, regardless of whether it is to be utilized for an individual research or for an individual joy. Since fulfillment is essentially a mental state, care ought to be required in the exertion of quantitative estimation. In this manner so as to accomplish consumer loyalty, the Library must have the option to fulfill their clients needs and needs and speaks to the satisfactory help level. Foundation The Library is situated in the Limerick city Council on the Michael Street. Its statement of purpose is We are focused on giving a quality assistance to everybody in a protected and secure condition. Our staff will ensure that administrations are conveyed appropriately, reasonably, transparently and impartially2. Utilization of the offices in the Library is available to all and there are no charges with the exception of copying and printing. A full-time bookkeeper is accessible at the reference office to help individuals with questions and research. Notwithstanding the numerous verifiable reference materials accessible there is a broad assortment of Limerick-related materials held here. This nearby assortment is a fundamental guide for anybody investigating the historical backdrop of Limerick. The Music Library, stocks more than 5,000 things including: In request to get a profile of clients, those reviewed were approached to express their sexual orientation and age. There was a range in age from secondary school, undergrad and graduate understudies (20%) to grown-ups (72. 5%). Age bunch was a roughly equivalent e. g. male (42. 5%) and female (57. 5%). Supplement 1 As a considerable lot of the surveys were finished in the library, it was not amazing that (87. 5%) respondents expressed that they were individuals from the library. Those (12. 5%) who were not individuals from the library expressed that papers were refered to as the chief wellspring of data by this gathering. The 70% of respondents said that they visit the library a week by week, 25% - month to month and just 5% visit the library seldom. The essential employments of the library allude to respondents are: individual delight which bested the rundown (35%), trailed by close to home research (22. 5%) and school related (17. 5%). All the more less percent utilize the library for business related purposes (10%) and an equivalent sum for childrens and social purposes (7. 5%) Appendix 2 The 80% of clients proclaimed that they constantly found what they were searching for while scanning for materials. The 15% showed that was less simple and for the rest 5% of clients it was difficult by any stretch of the imagination. Reference section 3 Question ? 10 was asked comparable to staff and administrations of the library. These identified with staff supportiveness, security, advantageous hours, zones for perusing and so on. The general reaction to this was exceptionally positive with 45% of respondents offering good assessments on staff supportiveness, information and cordiality. 30% of clients showed a decent degree of fulfillment with zones for perusing. The remainder of respondents were not happy with existing library administrations, for example, security (7. 5%), helpful hours (12. 5%) and stopping (5%). Informative supplement 3 Finally, the rundown of remarks was examined, utilizing five principle classifications, into positive and negative remarks. These are shown in Appendix ? A significant level (32. 5%) of grown-up and childrens books (27. 5%) was evaluated and affirmed by the review. The 30% were happy with reference materials. A few respondents recognized a need more for sound tapes. The territories where least fulfillment levels were recorded were: films (5%) and web get to (2. 5%). The 65% of individuals demonstrated that the library is genuinely critical to them and for the 32. 5% is critical. By and large the 65% are happy with existing library administrations and the remainder of respondents (35%) are incredibly fulfilled. Informative supplement ? Then again individuals were asked what enhancements they might want to find in the open library administrations. The respondents incorporated a more extensive choice of books and sound materials and improvement of web offices. Some of them said the end of the week hours are excessively short. A few respondents called for broadened scope of occasions and presentations. Ends The principle finishes of the investigation might be summed up as follows: Barriers to open library administration remembered an absence of reasonable stock and confinement for library spending plan. The significant issues additionally hailed as an obstruction to additionally utilize were: opening times, stock, web access and stopping. The review proposes that on the off chance that they were improved in these territories, utilization of the library administrations would increment. The appearance in Ireland of huge quantities of outside nationals has given another test to open library administrations. The study of remote nationals additionally showed a requirement for papers. A great deal of outsiders utilize the web offices were the administration must utilized in open library. The larger part utilized them to convey by email with loved ones back home, to learn new dialects and to look into general data questions. Absence of language aptitudes is a hindrance to library get to. Suggestions The aftereffects of these assessments filled in as a reason for the last proposals. They need improve their stock. This included: quality and amount of books, reference, chronicled and recorded distributions, magazines, video/tapes, book recordings. To distinguish and address the issues of developing socially different populace that imparts in an expanding assortment of dialects the administration ought to give a suitable preparing to staff to empower them to cooperate all the more successfully with outsiders. Deciphered materials on library administration ought to encourage it. The library needs to refresh business associations with providers of library books. More utilization of new innovation to upgrade the productivity of customary library administrations, for example, book issues, access to library inventories and arrangement of reference data. The staff should be straightforward with library clients in instructing/advising them regarding what libraries can or can't give. In this manner I would prescribe the library to improve the strategies to find out about the library assets and administrations in future: email connects to (top to bottom), short notification about assets and administrations.

Multiple Sex Partners Indicates Trouble for Teens

Multiple Sex Partners Indicates Trouble for Teens Addiction Alcohol Use Binge Drinking Print How Multiple Sex Partners Shows Teen Risky Behavior By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on September 09, 2015 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on August 18, 2019 Image Source / Getty Images More in Addiction Alcohol Use Binge Drinking Withdrawal and Relapse Children of Alcoholics Drunk Driving Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery It probably comes as no surprise that teenagers and young adults who have multiple sexual partners are significantly more likely to develop substance abuse disorders than those who have not had sex with more than one person. What may surprise you is that this is more true for females than it is for males. But, that is exactly what research tells us. One of the largest studies of multiple sexual partners and substance abuse was conducted at the University of Maryland by Donna E. Howard and associates. The study focused on 3,288 teenage girls who were sexually active. Among these sexually experienced adolescents, 24% reported no sexual partners in the past three months, about 63 percent had one and 13 percent had two or more recent sexual partners. Substance Abuse and Other Risky Behaviors The study found that girls who have sex with more than one partner in a short period of time are likely to engage in other risk behaviors such as fighting, binge drinking, smoking cigarettes, using cocaine, or sniffing glue. Having sexual intercourse with multiple partners increases the risk of pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases and resulting damage to reproductive health, the Maryland study found. Other studies have shown that girls are starting to have sex at younger ages, and an earlier start to sexual intercourse often leads to multiple sexual partner behavior. Besides fighting, drinking and substance abuse, girls with multiple sexual partners were also likely to have had unprotected sex the last time they had sexual intercourse, another dangerous behavior that compounds the risks of sex with many partners. Does Drinking Prompt Multiple Partners? Interestingly, Howards study found that as the teenage girls grew older they began to limit their sexual partners. Ninth graders reported more recent multiple sexual partner behavior, but the number of sexual partners declined for girls in the 11th and 12th grades. There is some disagreement among researchers about whether having multiple sexual partners is a factor in the later development of substance abuse disorders, or does the substance abuse increase the likelihood of having sex with multiple partners. Likelihood of Risk-Taking Some studies have shown a similar relationship in the reverse direction, that with frequent and heavy drinking, there is a greater likelihood of risk-taking, including having multiple sex partners. One study of 533 ninth graders across a 13-year period found that alcohol use was a leading indicator of changes in a number of sex partners throughout adolescence. But, the reverse pattern was not foundâ€"having multiple sexual partners was not linked to increased alcohol use. No Link to Depression or Anxiety However, a longitudinal New Zealand study examined the relationship between numbers of sex partners over three age periods (18â€"20, 21â€"25, and 26â€"32 years) and diagnoses of anxiety, depression, and substance dependence disorder at 21, 26, and 32 years. The results showed that an increasing number of sex partners was associated with a striking increase in later substance dependence disorders, especially for women. No consistent associations were found with later anxiety or depression at any age. Why Is Sex Linked With Substance Abuse? Researchers have speculated on the reason that having multiple sexual partners might be linked to developing later substance abuse problems. Here are some of the possibilities: Sexual risk-taking and substance abuse are common risk-taking behaviors in adolescence and young adulthood.Occasions of substance abuse are opportunities for sexual behavior due to disinhibition and lowered perception of risk.People are more likely to meet new sexual partners in situations in which alcohol is served and alcohol may facilitate multiple partnering.Something about having multiple sex partners puts people at risk of substance abuse disorders. Researchers speculate that it might be the impersonal nature of multiple partner relationships that prompts later substance abuse. Or, they say, perhaps having multiple failed relationships creates an attitude in which substance abuse is likely.

Multiple Sex Partners Indicates Trouble for Teens

Multiple Sex Partners Indicates Trouble for Teens Addiction Alcohol Use Binge Drinking Print How Multiple Sex Partners Shows Teen Risky Behavior By Buddy T facebook twitter Buddy T is an anonymous writer and founding member of the Online Al-Anon Outreach Committee with decades of experience writing about alcoholism. Learn about our editorial policy Buddy T Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on September 09, 2015 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on August 18, 2019 Image Source / Getty Images More in Addiction Alcohol Use Binge Drinking Withdrawal and Relapse Children of Alcoholics Drunk Driving Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery It probably comes as no surprise that teenagers and young adults who have multiple sexual partners are significantly more likely to develop substance abuse disorders than those who have not had sex with more than one person. What may surprise you is that this is more true for females than it is for males. But, that is exactly what research tells us. One of the largest studies of multiple sexual partners and substance abuse was conducted at the University of Maryland by Donna E. Howard and associates. The study focused on 3,288 teenage girls who were sexually active. Among these sexually experienced adolescents, 24% reported no sexual partners in the past three months, about 63 percent had one and 13 percent had two or more recent sexual partners. Substance Abuse and Other Risky Behaviors The study found that girls who have sex with more than one partner in a short period of time are likely to engage in other risk behaviors such as fighting, binge drinking, smoking cigarettes, using cocaine, or sniffing glue. Having sexual intercourse with multiple partners increases the risk of pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases and resulting damage to reproductive health, the Maryland study found. Other studies have shown that girls are starting to have sex at younger ages, and an earlier start to sexual intercourse often leads to multiple sexual partner behavior. Besides fighting, drinking and substance abuse, girls with multiple sexual partners were also likely to have had unprotected sex the last time they had sexual intercourse, another dangerous behavior that compounds the risks of sex with many partners. Does Drinking Prompt Multiple Partners? Interestingly, Howards study found that as the teenage girls grew older they began to limit their sexual partners. Ninth graders reported more recent multiple sexual partner behavior, but the number of sexual partners declined for girls in the 11th and 12th grades. There is some disagreement among researchers about whether having multiple sexual partners is a factor in the later development of substance abuse disorders, or does the substance abuse increase the likelihood of having sex with multiple partners. Likelihood of Risk-Taking Some studies have shown a similar relationship in the reverse direction, that with frequent and heavy drinking, there is a greater likelihood of risk-taking, including having multiple sex partners. One study of 533 ninth graders across a 13-year period found that alcohol use was a leading indicator of changes in a number of sex partners throughout adolescence. But, the reverse pattern was not foundâ€"having multiple sexual partners was not linked to increased alcohol use. No Link to Depression or Anxiety However, a longitudinal New Zealand study examined the relationship between numbers of sex partners over three age periods (18â€"20, 21â€"25, and 26â€"32 years) and diagnoses of anxiety, depression, and substance dependence disorder at 21, 26, and 32 years. The results showed that an increasing number of sex partners was associated with a striking increase in later substance dependence disorders, especially for women. No consistent associations were found with later anxiety or depression at any age. Why Is Sex Linked With Substance Abuse? Researchers have speculated on the reason that having multiple sexual partners might be linked to developing later substance abuse problems. Here are some of the possibilities: Sexual risk-taking and substance abuse are common risk-taking behaviors in adolescence and young adulthood.Occasions of substance abuse are opportunities for sexual behavior due to disinhibition and lowered perception of risk.People are more likely to meet new sexual partners in situations in which alcohol is served and alcohol may facilitate multiple partnering.Something about having multiple sex partners puts people at risk of substance abuse disorders. Researchers speculate that it might be the impersonal nature of multiple partner relationships that prompts later substance abuse. Or, they say, perhaps having multiple failed relationships creates an attitude in which substance abuse is likely.